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General Comments: Henry Mohrschladt designed double-ended cutter built in the mid to late 's. Pluses: Six opening bronze portlights. Mast can be raised and lowered in its tabernacle. Minuses: Headroom is limited to about 5 feet. Low companionway entrance requires the lower dropboards be secured at sea. The 8 HP inboard Yanmar is hard to access unless you remove the cockpit footwell floor which is difficult to seal. Although small double-ender designs such as this are a good candidate for going engineless with a sculling oar or pair of sweeps or an electric inboard if you don't require more than a couple hours motoring between charges of the battery bank, the only other option is to keep the inboard diesel.
Several versions available, including the Seafarer with more beam and draft in later models. Some came with an outboard well. Minuses: Not many of these boats are available on the market. Many came with wooden spars prone to rot over the years.
Up to about 40 of these pocket cruisers were built mostly in Taiwan around the early 's. A few may have been built in Thailand and California.
Full keel with slightly cutaway forefoot and short bowsprit. Pluses: Nicely fitted out with teak and bronze hardware. Standing headroom reported to be at least 6'. Minuses: An inboard engine may not be what some people want on a boat of this size, but is mostly unavoidable on a double-ender design.
After the Taylor 26 began using lead ballast instead of iron, lowered the cabin sole for more headroom and stability, amidships hatch added for light and ventilation, newer model Yanmar diesel and other improvements.
Pluses: Proven circumnavigator. The production boats appear the best choice. Minuses: Instead of the traditional sliding companionway hatch, the boats have a raised bubble to the coachroof, which causes the boat to feel cramped, reduces ventilation and makes it awkward to take quick checks of the horizon when on watch in foul weather.
As I was prepping a Contessa for an offshore delivery from Brunswick, GA to Maine I noticed the side decks are so narrow it's a tight squeeze to get by between the dodger and lifelines.
Also the dodger obstructs the jib sheet winches. Because the salon bunks are moved aft as quarterberths, the galley is located forward of the bunks, forcing you to cook on your knees and making the boat hot. The advantages of the massive outboard hung rudder are offset by the inability to replace the inboard diesel with an outboard well. But an outboard bracket on a corner of the transom is a possibility. More info: Contessa Corner website and forum. Most have an outboard motor well in lazarette.
General comments: Some boats built between Outboard well. Pluses: 6'1" headroom for those who need it. Built by various manufacturers of similar design mostly from Sweden and Denmark between Different models varied in areas such as cockpit design, inboard engine or outboard options, aluminum masthead or wooden fractional rig. Pluses: More than half it's displacement is ballast which makes this small, low freeboard boat very stable for it's size.
Over three thousand have been built with many still on the market in Europe and over one hundred in the USA. Our English friend, Tony Curphey, completed a circumnavigation in his folkboat in the 's.
Minuses: Although capable of offshore voyages they were mainly designed for racing or short cruises and are cramped below with max headrom of 4'8". A wet ride going to windward. Pluses: At least 5'10" headroom. Minuses: Hard to find on the market. More info: Little info online, but here are some owner's comments.
About 42 built by Morris Yachts, also called the Morris Others were built by Victoria Marine in Britain and called the Victoria Pluses: High quality construction, beautiful design, good high ballast ratio.
Minuses: Expensive. Keel-stepped mast is strong but cannot be raised or lowered without a crane, which is a disadvantage if you intend to trailer her often. Inboard engine, even a small Yanmar 1GM10, takes up much useable space and an outboard motor is difficult to fit and unsightly on a double-ender.
General Comments: Another classic Alberg design. The Pearson Commander 26 is the same hull design as the Ariel, but much shorter cabin and longer cockpit make the Commander better suited to daysailing. Atomic 4 inboard or outboard motor well in lazarette. Plusses: Active owners association. Minuses: Like most of the factory installed motor wells out there, the motor does not tilt up for sailing so it either gets dragged through the water under sail of must be awkwardly lifted out and stored in another locker.
I haven't measured it but there may not be adequate space between the transom and rudder shaft to make a tilt-up conversion. Check my outboard well article in this site for more info. General Comments: Daniel Avourer designed double ended cutter built by Voyager in 's. Diesel inboard standard. Pluses: Full keel with shoal draft. Good quality build and attractive lines. Six or eight bronze opening ports. Minuses: Relatively rare. Ballast: cast iron.
Some 2, were built from A friend of ours completed a solo circumnavigation in an outboard motor powered WC26 in without serious problems. The boat has more than expected stowage area. Minuses: If only the builder could put twin keels on a more attractive design. The twin keels are notably less efficient than a single deep fin keel, and perhaps even less than the windward performance of a similar full-keeled boat.
In any case, this boat is relatively slow. Most were fitted with inboard engines. Pluses: Her proportions are well designed even if her overall appearance is unremarkable. Numerous long offshore passages have been documented including a circumnavigation of the Americas. Minuses: Some of these boats lack opening ports, reducing ventilation.
Deck-stepped mast beam may need reinforcing. Chain plates are mere 8mm U-bolts bolted through the deck to hull flange in the European style and although most boats have not had problems with them, some have so you might consider adding external chain plates. Parts of the bilge are impossible to access due to the inboard engine and tanks. General Comments: Alberg design that closely resembles the slightly larger Pearson Triton. About built by Clint Pearson from Outboard motor well in lazarette standard.
Optional Atomic 4 inboard. Some differences between cruising model, dinette model and the weekender that has shortened cabin and too large a cockpit for offshore. Minuses: Some owners claim the boat is tender and is improved by adding up to lb. Although generally well constructed, the boats are aging and the bolted hull to deck joint is prone to leaks.
Diesel engine standard but with 30 inches between transom and rudder post it could be converted to an outboard well to simplify if desired. Minuses: Recessed deck anchor locker on some boats does not allow storage space for long rode or anchor windlass but it can be converted to a standard chain locker below deck similar to what I described in my Columbia 8. General Comments: British built long-keeler with shallow draft, cutter rigged with a self-tacking boomed staysail and the mast in a tabernacle.
Pluses: Shoal draft and possible to stand upright on her wing keel in protected harbors or with legs added to stabilize her. Proven passage maker. Minuses: Somewhat slow to windward. General Comments: Designed by Alan Buchanan in Some were built in UK by Offshore Yachts. Full keel with slightly cutaway forefoot with transom hung rudder. Pluses: Solid passage maker with attractive lines. For those who need the extra height she has about 6' headroom under the doghouse which is better than most folkboat derivatives such as the Contessa Minuses: Few available outside UK.
General Comments: Henry Morschladt designed Cutter rig with bowsprit. Pluses: The Mark II version has longer coachroof, extra ports and hatch. Minuses: Most boats on the market seem to have the wheel steering option, but could be converted back to tiller. General Comments: Lyle Hess design built by various yards over the years. Rig height varied by 4-foot for heavy and light air versions.
Minuses: Most were built with what some consider an awkward aft cabin layout. Some boats were owner finished and early models had perhaps less than optimal ballast. Ballast: 4, lbs. General Comments: Built originally in wood then in fiberglass during the early s by Rossiter Yachts in England. Full keel encapsulated lead ballast and integral molded bilge keels to allow her to have shallow draft and stand upright when drying out at low tide.
Headroom 5'9". Sloop rig. Came with Lister 15hp diesel. General Comments: Bill Luders design built by C.
Displacement: 7, lbs. The boats built before the raised sheer redesign had a classic stepped deckhouse and were more cramped inside, but are preferred by some for their aesthetics and more accessible deck layout.
Headroom of nearly 6'. More info: Tartan 27 Overview. General Comments: Designed by Robert Harris as a sturdy ocean passage maker. Cutter rigged with outboard rudder. Built first from in British Columbia on semi-production basis.
Later built in Britain by Pheon Yachts who reportedly added a few inches of tumblehome to make her a bit stiffer. Then built by Northshore Yachts who added a foot to the length of the cockpit to make the Vancouver Two versions were built: one with quarterberth and head forward and the other with a V-berth and no quarterberth. Pluses: Headroom is about 6'1". Large water and fuel tanks.
Minuses: Somewhat high-sided and a heavy boat not known for great light air performance. Canadian version reported prone to blistering and some were owner finished with varying quality. Some were built under license at other yards. Pluses: Classic exquisite design and high quality construction. Minuses: Rare on the market, expensive and heavy. About built between Most were powered by two-cylinder hp Volvo diesels that may be reaching the end of their lifespan.
Pluses: 6'2" headroom. Minuses: Boats built prior to had plastic ports instead of bronze and no bridgedeck, with low companionway entrance that is best modified for safer offshore passages.
Displacement: 8, lbs. General Comments: Bill Luders design. Inboard diesel standard. Tiller or wheel options. Pluses: Moderate draft. Minuses: Teak decks of this era require replacing or removal.
Like most Aluminum Sail Yachts Systems centerboard keels, they are prone to jam, break cables, and are difficult to maintain. Better to avoid a centerboard unless the design is of proven quality and you need the shallow draft for your cruising area.
General Comments: Some were built in Denmark between Pluses: Boasts 6' headroom despite her sleek low profile. General Comments: Some were built in wood. Ballast: 5, lbs. General Comments: A very heavily constructed double-ended, full keel cruiser. Cutter rig with bowsprit. Built in the 's. Minuses: Expensive and heavy. Ballast: 3, lbs exterior lead. Pluses: Exquisite design details and quality Morris construction. General Comments: Designed by Carl Alberg in with over built until Some were built on the West Coast with slight design and construction differences.
Pluses: Plentiful and affordable on the US East coast. Lack of interior fiberglass hull liners make modifications and repairs easier. Her short waterline makes her glide easily through the waters running downwind and in light air and when the wind picks up she heels to pick up waterline length and increase hull speed.
Minuses: Original East Coast fractional sloop or yawl rig is lightly stayed and requires heavier chain plates and reinforced mast beam for offshore voyaging. Balsa deck cores on East Coast built boats and wood rudders need replacing at some point. Cramped galley. Low freeboard, about 2-foot aft, makes her a wet sail to windward and less roomy below than newer boats, but I prefer a boat with low freeboard because it has less resistance to wind and wave and is handy to get aboard from the water or dinghy.
The large and low cockpit makes her susceptible to storm waves filling the cockpit so a secure hatch and lockers is important. Ballast: reported as Aluminum Sail Yachts Review 1, lbs. Pluses: 5'10" headroom. Some have optional outboard well in lazarette. Minuses: Many have wooden spars that require more vigilance and maintenance than aluminum.
Shannon 28 - LOA: Just under 32' including pulpit and outboard hung rudder. Modified full keel with cutaway forefoot and full skeg-protected rudder. Two-cylinder Yanmar. Pluses: 6' headroom. General Comments: Thomas Gillmer design. Airex cored hulls. Minuses: Some were owner completed kit boats of varying quality. Inboard rudder mounted on substantial skeg with shortened keel compared to the Southern Cross General Comments: About 60 were built at a small yard in Hong Kong.
Pluses: Nice lines and good-handling with several having made ocean crossings including by myself on a delivery voyage from the Caribbean to Brazil. Minuses: Variable construction quality with tanks and bulkheads known to come loose over the years.
General Comments: Some 60 of these smaller sister to the popular, but heavy Westsail 32 were built. Pluses: Beautiful lines and excellent heavy weather boat. Minuses: Heavy and slow in light air. General Comments: One of Alberg's last designs built in the s as a modernized version of the Alberg Minuses: Limited numbers were built and not many are on the market.
General Comments: Built in Ontario. Available sloop or cutter with built-in bowsprit. Pluses: The long, full keel provides shallow draft for this size boat. There is a spacious head instead of a cramped V-berth. Minuses: High-sided.
Although apparently tiller steering was standard from the factory, most boats on the market today have wheel steering. General Comments: Designed by Halsey C. Fixed keel and centerboard versions available. Pluses: Teak toe rails. Above average construction features.
Also some raised deck models were built as the Defender Main design of hull and deck and sail plan remained the same for MKI and II with some minor cosmetic changes. Outboard well and inboard engine options. Outboard well versions available. Minuses: Few on the market to choose from. The raised deck of the Defender model means more interior volume at the expense of high freeboard. Ballast: About 3, lbs. Her long overhangs reduce wetted surface drag in light airs and she picks up waterline length quickly when heeled.
Minuses: The E29 I was aboard struck me how narrow the beam was and cramped feeling below compared to other similar length boats - even the Pearson Ariel 26 seems roomier inside. Access to the inboard engine is tight. Ballast: 2, lbs.?
Total sail area: sq. Also called the Wayfarer Minuses: Low companionway entrance looks vulnerable to flooding, but can be modified. Atomic 4 gas inboard was standard. Not many produced. General Comments: Designed by Bill Tripp. Keel-stepped aluminum mast with spruce spreaders and roller reefing spruce boom. Atomic 4 gas engine. Pluses: A good size overhanging transom permits a custom tilt-up outboard well installation in lazarette but some modification of cockpit is required.
This boat has a narrow coachroof with wide side decks. Partial fiberglass liner inside with chainplates bolted through solid fiberglass rather than wood knees or plywood bulkheads. Good quality build construction. Fiberglass rudder with solid bronze shaft and shoe. Unusually wide 33" companionway entrance makes for good ventilation and the high bridgedeck makes it very seaworthy. Minuses: Balsa cored deck was properly sealed at factory for most deck fittings but some areas may be susceptible to core rot since these boats are over 50 years old now.
More info: Tripp Minuses: Relatively poor light air and windward performance of twin keels. Deep draft fin keel and pilothouse versions not applicable to this list.
Some built by Whitby Boat Works in Ontario from Most of the keel hung rudders are fiberglass composite. Around there were several changes made including going to a fiberglass interior hull liner, adding a molded fiberglass toe rail with teak cap instead of an all teak toe rail, and improved mast step reinforcement. Before around the deck and cabin house core may have been masonite, though I know of at least one model with balsa core.
Later models used balsa. Masthead rig. Headroom ranges from a minimum of 6' for hull liner models to possibly 6'1" on early models. This is one of my favorite designs. The proportions seem just right.
And the ample lazarette locker makes an easy conversion to an outboard well. Minuses: Atomic 4 gas inboard, but many have converted to diesel. Design considerations for a cruising yacht include seaworthiness, performance, sea kindliness, and cost of construction, as follows: [14]. The displacement of a monohull cruising sailboat affects the above factors, as follows: [14].
Multihulls offer tradeoffs as cruising sailboats, compared with monohulls. They may be catamarans or trimarans. They rely on form stability�having separate hulls far apart�for their resistance to capsize. Their drawbacks include: greater expenses, greater windage , more difficult tacking under sail, less load capacity, and more maneuvering room required because of their broad beam.
They come with a variety of sleeping accommodations and for catamarans bridge-deck configurations. Traditionally, all sailing yachts were made of wood, using a wooden keel and ribs, clad with planks.
These materials were supplanted with metal in specialty racing yachts. In the s fiberglass became a prevalent material. These materials and other composites continue in use. Gaff rigs have been uncommon in the construction of cruising boats, since the mid 20th century. More common rigs are Bermuda , fractional , cutter , and ketch.
Occasionally employed rigs since then have been the yawl , schooner, wishbone , catboat. A survey of cruising sailors Aluminum Yachts Sailing Pdf identified preferences for sloops, cutters, and ketches in equal measure. Most cruising yachts have masts of aluminum, which may be stepped mounted on the top of the keel inside the boat or on the top of the cabin, outside. A keel-stepped mast is better able to withstand a failure of its support ing standing rigging , but requires a penetration of the cabin roof and the need for waterproofing.
Masts have a variety of possible tracks for the mainsail to be attached and raised. Some allow for in-mast furling of the mainsail at the expense of aerodynamic efficiency of the mast and sail.
Some booms allow for roller furling of mainsails. Sailboats employ standing rigging to support the rig, running rigging to raise and adjust sails, cleats to secure lines, winches to work the sheets, and more than one anchor to secure the boat in harbor. A cruising yacht's deck usually has safety line to protect the crew from falling overboard and a bow pulpit to facilitate handling the jib and the anchor.
In temperate climates, the cockpit may have a canvas windshield with see-through panels, called a "dodger". Steering may be either by tiller or wheel. Depending on size, a cruising yacht is likely to have at least two cabins, a main salon and a forward stateroom. In smaller yachts, the salon is likely to have convertible berths for its crew or passengers.
Typically the salon includes a dining area, which may have a folding, built-in table. The salon is typically contiguous to the galley. A cruising yacht is likely to have a head bathroom with a marine toilet that discharges waste into a holding tank.
Larger yachts may have additional staterooms and heads. There is typically a navigation station that allows the laying out of charts away from other activities within the vessel. The electrical panel and auxiliary instrumentation is often near this location. Cruising yachts have an auxiliary propulsion power unit to supplement the use of sails.
Such power is inboard on the vessel and diesel, except for the smallest cruising boats, which may have an outboard gasoline motor.
Target shaft horsepower for the engine per unit of displacement is related to hull speed per square root of waterline length all to the third power. Choice of engines is also a function of target propeller speed at cruise.
Electrical power comes from a bank of batteries that are recharged by the motor, driving an alternator. The plumbing system for house water draws from one or more tanks, which are either filled in port or replenished with a desalination water maker , driven by the engine.
Typically water from kitchen and bathroom sinks and showers drains overboard. Toilets typically use salt water and drain into holding tanks, unless they are in use beyond prescribed distances from shore. Refrigeration may be from ice acquired ashore, or by mechanical refrigeration driven directly from the engine or the yacht's electrical system.
Yachts have electrical lighting for inside and outside use and also for night-time running. Modern yachts employ a suite of electronics for communication, measurement of surroundings, and navigation.
Hull design can affect the aesthetics of a sailing yacht. The shape of the bow and stern are significant factors, as is a yacht's sheer line the curvature of its deck. Bow shapes include the bow convex curve , destroyer or vertical near vertical , and knuckle or raked angled straight to the water line. Stern shapes include raked aft or counter slight outward angle , straight up and down , reverse angle sloping downward from the deck. As to sheer, traditional yachts have the deck follow a curve below an imaginary straight line from stem top of bow to stern.
Racing yachts emphasize performance over comfort. High-performance rigs provide aerodynamic efficiency and hydrodynamically efficient hulls minimize drag through the water and sideways drift. Racing yachts have a wide selection of weights and shapes of sail to accommodate different wind strengths and points of sail.
A suite of sails on a racing yachts would include several weights of jib and spinnaker, plus a specialized storm jib and trysail in place of the mainsail.
Performance yachts are likely to have full-battened kevlar or carbon-fiber mainsails. Underwater foils can become more specialized, starting with a higher-aspect ratio fin keel with hydrodynamically efficient bulbs for ballast. World Sailing recognizes eleven classes of racing yacht: [29]. Media related to Sailing yachts at Wikimedia Commons.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Private sailing vessel with overnight accommodations. Sailing yachts. Cruising and racing yachts embody different tradeoffs between comfort and performance. Retrieved Insiders' guide to becoming a yacht stewardess : confessions from my years afloat with the rich and famous Second ed. New York. ISBN OCLC The modern cruising sailboat : a complete guide to its design, construction, and outfitting.
Camden, Me. Francis The Golden Age of Yachting. Sheridan House, Inc.
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