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A mast cell (also known as a mastocyte or a labrocyte) is a resident cell of connective tissue that contains many granules rich in histamine and heparin. Specifically, it is a type of granulocyte derived from the myeloid stem cell that is a part of the immune and neuroimmune systems. Mast cells were discovered by Paul Ehrlich in Although best known for their role in allergy and anaphylaxis, mast cells play an important protective role as well, being intimately involved in wound healing. Building a D4 Dinghy. By Pat Johnson - Pensacola, Florida - USA. LOA - 7�9� Beam � 4�1� Draft - 6� board up and 24� with it down Weight � 75lbs.� I had looked at lots of rigs for dinghies and had selected a sprit rigged sail. I like the simplicity of a freestanding mast. The low aspect of the sprit rig and the corresponding short mast size made sense for a small boat. We still have a lot to leabout the origins of mast cells (or mastocyte), but it is generally accepted that they are the offspring of stem cells found in the bone marrow, and that mast cells start out life as mast cell 'precursor' cells. Mast cell precursor cells migrate from bone barrow through the bloodstream to tissue and organ sites to eventually become mast cells. Mast cells are found abundantly in the skin, gastrointestinal and genitourinary (reproductive and urinary) tracts, but can also be.

A side view of the sailboat with the mast raising system ready for use. I have seen lots of different techniques and contraptions used to raise and lower the masts on small sailboats. All suffer from the same problems for solo sailors, and I recently came across a system that solves all of them neatly and for a fairly low price. While not tremendously heavy, small sailboat masts are long and awkward to handle, tending to sway to one side while being lowered or raised.

It is possible with most boats to stand at the stern and pick up the mast and just start walking forward and pushing it up. The problem comes when you have to step up onto the cabin top while holding a heavy mast high above your head. It's usually a long step, and most people can't do it. Instead of lifting the mast by hand, many opt for a gin pole or A-frame and use the boom vang to get the mechanical advantage needed to pull the mast up.

Some trailers are fitted with a tall pole, allowing the trailer winch strap to be led to a halyard and used to crank the mast up and down. The A-frame support tends to hold the mast over the center of the boat, but gin poles on the boat or on the trailer will allow it to sway back and forth unless stabilizing baby stays are used.

Using the trailer winch to crank the mast up and down means that singlehanded sailors can't see what is going on up on the boat, and it obviously precludes raising and lowering the mast while on the water. These difficulties are further compounded by the fact that small sailboats are covered with winches, cleats, boarding ladders, small outboard engines, etc. If something snags, a sailor who is rigging the boat alone must find a way to hold the mast in a partially raised position while clearing the snag.

It is important that the solo sailor be able to keep a sharp eye on all the rigging and stop immediately if any resistance is felt. A snag can mean moving from your position on top of the boat or at the trailer winch all the way to the stern of the boat, where the backstay has managed to catch the rudder or boarding ladder. It is often impossible to leave the mast precariously hanging in the air, so it must be lowered to fix the problem.

The terminal fittings on the ends of the shrouds are strong when in position and tensioned, but they can lodge themselves sideways as the mast is coming up and bend when placed under load. The fittings that hold the upper ends of the shrouds in the mast must rotate as much as 90 degrees as the mast goes up, and if they lock up instead of turning freely, it is easy to bend the swage fitting when they come under tension as the mast is nearly stepped.

Down at the deck, the fittings must also rotate as the shrouds go from lying aft on the deck to standing up straight. Singlehand sailors must watch the ends of the rigging carefully to ensure that all of them are operating as intended while the mast is going up. If a fitting binds up, once again it becomes necessary to either leave the mast hanging or put it back down to correct the problem and try again. Boats with roller furling jibs present an additional problem, as the jib furler drum tends to bounce down the deck and the sail itself acts like a giant snake having a seizure.

The furler drum and forestay end fittings can scratch the deck of the boat and can get snagged on bow cleats, opening hatches, and other hardware around the foredeck as the mast is being lowered. When raising the mast, the roller furling jib generally does not want to slide forward on the boat by itself, and must be pulled along and kept near the center of the boat to avoid kinking the forestay wire or binding up the fitting that holds the forestay to the mast. Last but not least, the mast needs an appropriate place to land when it comes down , and a good place to start on its way up.

Sailors must use a mast crutch of some kind, and for trailering a sailboat it helps if the crutch has two positions: a low position for holding the mast during transport, and a higher position to give a little head start when raising the mast. Having a roller on the top of the crutch is also handy for solo sailors because it makes it easier to move the mast back and forth from trailering position to the mast step.

I recently saw a solution that addresses all these problems and makes single handed mast raising on the water or on the trailer a fairly simple procedure. This system was in use on a Precision 23 sailboat, but can be used on any small sailboat. The boat has a mast raising pole for a MacGregor 26M with an ingenious addition to help manage the furling drum, a set of baby stays to hold the mast on centerline, and a small dinghy motor davit mounted on the stern and outfitted with a U shaped mast crutch.

The owner of the boat put a lot of thought into this system because he wanted to sail his boat from his dock behind a low bridge from the harbor. Even though it uses a MacGregor mast-raising pole, this system can be installed on nearly any small sailboat.

Above: A side view of the sailboat with the mast raising system ready for use. This system can be installed and used on nearly any small sailboat to make solo mast-raising easier. A closer look at the MacGregor mast raising pole and how it is attached to the mast. The MacGregor pole is a tiny trailer winch mounted on an aluminum tube with a block and eye strap on opposite sides of one end and a fitting on the other end to secure it to the mast base.

The winch has a clutch instead of gears and a pawl lever, and can be cranked in either direction without flipping a lever. It can also be let go at any time without freewheeling, an important safety feature in this application. A bail is installed in the mast about 5' off the deck.

There is a line tied to the middle of the mast-raising pole that has to do with furler management, as the next pictures illustrate. The mast raising "baby stays" on a sailboat must be positioned in line with the pin holding the base of the mast in the tabernacle.

As the mast rotates up or down around that pin, the raising stays remain taut, preventing any side to side motion by the mast. The problem on a Precision 23 is that there is no point on the boat which is in line with that pin. This problem was solved with a pair of stainless steel chains attached to stanchion bases in front of and aft of the mast on each side of the boat.

When stretched tight, there is one link of chain on each side which is aligned with the mast tabernacle pin, and the stabilizing stays are shackled to those two links of chain. A Com-Pac 23 owner suggested locating that point in space by putting a long dowel the same size as the mast tabernacle pin through the tabernacle and using it to locate the correct link of baby stay chain. This setup was made so that the mast raising system could be quickly disconnected but not completely detached. The mast raising pole could just be left to rest on the deck with all the lines and hardware secured to it while going for a short sail.

In that position, the chains would clatter around on deck, so the owner installed canvas sleeves over the chains to protect the gelcoat on the deck and reduce the noise. This system can be adapted to fit any small sailboat, and it makes stepping the mast by yourself a much easier task. If a snag occurs during mast raising, it is possible to leave the mast partially raised to go and clear the snag.

The winch used on the MacGregor pole is self-braking and almost silent, and the operator can see everything while cranking it. The extra length of line to force the jib and furler to ride up and down the centerline of the boat is a stroke of genius.

The addition of a properly designed roller mast crutch makes moving the mast back to the step by yourself easy for one person. Update: May, - Since I wrote this article, many people have contacted me asking whether I sell this mast raising system or know where to buy it. The answer to both questions is no, at least not as a package.

You will have to buy the various parts and put them together yourself. The first three items on the list are to make your own mast raising pole of the type sold with MacGregor 26M model boats. I would simply buy one from a MacGregor dealer instead of making one, but you can probably make it a bit cheaper.

I would not mention to a MacGregor dealer that you intend to use it on a sailboat other than a MacGregor, as they might have liability concerns. Thanks for a great article. I have built one for my Macgregor It would be custom made for your boat. All you need to do is provide pictures of the mast base and tabernacle.

You may contact me at: SailorByTheSea gmail. I recently looked at the MacGregor system at a local dealer. I was going to buy one but then decided to make my own. Great article, Ray! For those of you wishing to purchase the mast-raising pole, contact MacGregor Sailboats. The 21 footer had a steel mast that was very heavy. A bolt with eyes on each end passes through both legs with a bronze spacer between them. This functions as a hinge between the legs. One eye attaches to the forestay or topping lift and the bottom eye attaches to the tackle.

The bottom of each leg must hinge close to a line passing through the mast bolt and far enough apart to impart stability.

Often, the cabin top is the only alternative. I placed eyebolts through the bottom of the legs with closely matching eye bolts on the cabin top. This is an interesting sytem. They obviously differ in a few ways but rely on similar principles. They also suffer from the same weak links, the attachment point for the pole to the mast or step in your case. And the auxiliary stay set-up. The crutch is the easiest to work around. For the attachment point.

For the auxilliary stays. In a single handed operation this may be the weakest link. I like the chains. They look like old stays cut down. The process I used ties a tight line around the mast connected vertically to one of the halyards instead of the bail on a through bolt , and attaches the baby stays there.

I take no credit for the invention. Thanks for the head start! By the way, if anyone is interested, I can make them one and ship it to their house. Hello, That system looks great! There is no mast hinge currently so I need to piece together the stainless steel components.

Maybe Pat Maundrell could help? My cell is and email is steelrootfurniture gmail. Catalina, Factory Yacht, nor MacGregor will sell to the product. I have searched for at least 2 wks. I discovered the solo-mast raising system for small boats on Tropical Boating. Are you interested in making one? If so how much would it cost?

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Will substantially be radically a many finish sort of investigationmsat well as air boats have been up to right away down a inventory they're statistically considerate. It was the good browser however no peep as well as indolent app done it obsolete day-to-day for me. This thesis can be employed to pick up reportSeth Rolland combines the benefaction for technical creation with an extraordinary eye for aesthetics.

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