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Chapter 1- A Letter to God. Chapter 3- Two Stories about Flying. Chapter 4- From the Diary of Anne Frank. Chapter 5- The Hundred Dresses�I. Chapter 7- Glimpses of India. Chapter 8- Mijbil the Otter. Chapter 9- Madam Rides the Bus. Chapter The Sermon at Benares. Chapter The Proposal. Chapter 1- A Triumph of Surgery. Chapter 3- The Midnight Visitor. Chapter 4- A Question of Trust. Chapter 5- Footprints without Feet. Chapter 6- The Making of a Scientist.
Chapter 7- The Necklace. Chapter 8- The Hack Driver. Chapter 9- Bholi. Answer: One dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre. Question 2 A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the object?
Also, find the power of the lens. Question 3 Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m. Question 1 Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? Question 2 The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Where should be the position of the object? Answer: d Between the pole of the mirror and its principal focus. Question 3 Where should an object be placed in front of a convex lens to get a real image of the size of the object?
Answer: b At twice the focal length. Question 4 A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be : a Both concave. Answer: a Both concave. Question 5 No matter how far you stand from mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be a plane b concave c convex d either plane or convex.
Answer: d Either plane or convex. Question 6 Which of the following lenses would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a dictionary? Answer: c A convex lens of focal length 5 cm. Question 7 We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm.
What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case. Answer: A concave mirror gives an erect image when the object is placed between the focus F and the pole P of the concave mirror, i.
The image thus formed will be virtual, erect and larger than the object. Question 8 Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. Support your answer with reason. Answer: a Concave mirrors are used as reflectors in headlights of cars. When a bulb is located at the focus of the concave mirror, the light rays after reflection from the mirror travel over a large distance as a parallel beam of high intensity.
Question 9 One-half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete image of the object?
Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observations. Answer: A convex lens forms complete image of an object, even if its one half is covered with black paper.
It can be explained by considering following two cases. Case I : When the upper half of the lens is covered In this case, a ray of light coming from the object will be refracted by the lower half of the lens. These rays meet at the other side of the lens to form the image of the given object, as shown in the following figure. Case II: When the lower half of the lens Is covered In this case, a ray of light coming from the object is refracted by the upper half of the lens.
These rays meet at the other side of the lens to form the image of the given object, as shown in the given figure. Question 10 An object 5 cm in length is held 25 cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed.
The negative value of image height indicates that the image formed is inverted. The position, size, and nature of image are shown alongside in the ray diagram. Question 11 A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. How far is the object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram. Question 12 An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm.
Find the position and nature of the image. Thus, image is virtual, erect and diminished. What does this mean? Question 14 An object 5. Find the position of the image, its nature and size. Question 15 An object of size 7. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focussed image can be obtained? Find the size and the nature of the image.
The image is real, inverted and enlarged in size. Question 16 Find the focal length of a lens of power What type of lens is this? Find the focal length of the lens. Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging? Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, center of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula Derivation not required , magnification.
Refraction; laws of refraction, refractive index. Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula Derivation not required ; Magnification. Power of a lens;. Formulae Handbook for Class 10 Maths and Science. Question 1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror?
Answer: Light rays that are parallel to the principal axis of a concave mirror converge at a specific point on its principal axis after reflecting from the mirror. This point is known as the principal focus of the concave mirror. Question 2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20 cm.
Question 3. Name the mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object. Answer: When an object is placed between the pole and the principal focus of a concave mirror, the image formed is virtual, erect, and enlarged. Question 4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear-view mirror in vehicles? Answer: Convex mirrors give a virtual, erect, and diminished image of the objects placed in front of them. They are preferred as a rear-view mirror in vehicles because they give a wider field of view, which allows the driver to see most of the traffic behind him.
Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32 cm. A concave mirror produces three times magnified enlarged real image of object placed at 10 cm in front of it. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Answer: The light ray bends towards the normal. When a ray of light travels from an optically rarer medium to an optically denser medium, it gets bent towards the normal.
Since water is optically denser than air, a ray of light travelling from air into the water will bend towards the normal. Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1.
Answer: Refractive index of a medium nm is given by,. Find out, from Table, the medium having highest optical density. A medium which has the highest refractive index will have the highest optical density and vice-versa. It can be observed from table Therefore, diamond has the highest optical density and air has the lowest optical density.
You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. Answer: The light can travel fast through water. Question 5. The refractive index of diamond is 2. This suggests that the speed of light in diamond will reduce by a factor 2.
Define one dioptre of power of a lens? Answer: One dioptre is the power Of a lens Of focal length 1m. Power of lens is defined as the reciprocal of its focal length. It is denoted by D. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50 cm from it. Where is the needle placed in front of the lens if the image is equal to the size of the object? Also find the power of the lens. The position of image should be double the focal length.
Hence, the object should be at 2f. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2 m. Which one of the following materials cannot be used to make a lens? Where should an object b. A spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have each a focal length of 15 cm. The mirror and the lens are likely to be: a both concave b both convex c the mirror is concave, but the lens is convex d the mirror is convex, but the lens is concave Answer: a Both concave.
No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your Image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be a plane b concave c convex d Either plane or convex Answer: d Either plane or convex. Question 6.
Question 7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. For getting an erect image using a concave mirror, the object should be placed at a distance less than the focal length. The image formed will be virtual, enlarged and erect. Question 8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. Answer: a Concave mirror, to get powerful and parallel beams of light.
Question 9. One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Answer: Yes, even when one half of the lens is covered with a black paper, complete image of the object will be formed. Take a convex lens and focus the light from a distant object onto a screen. As expected an image sharp is formed at a distance equal to the focal length Cover the lower or the upper half of the lens and focus the light from the same object onto the same screen.
You will be able to get a sharp image again; however the brightness of the image will be less in the second case. The same effect w,ll be seen even if the lens is half covered with black strips. Question
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