$@# Fiberglass Boat Building And DIY Guide &^@!

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On any self build boat project, one of the first and most important decisions you'll have to make is the choice of hull material. Your final choice will be made on the hull material's suitability for the type or size of boat you have traditional boat building techniques nz mind, and your own familiarity and skill level with that material.

For instance, you wouldn't choose steel for a 25 foot sailboat - it would be way too heavy - nor would you go for aluminium if you didn't know how to weld, or weren't prepared to learn. Sailboat hulls tradirional be both strong technques rigid. A fairly obvious requirement trchniques may think, but it isn't always the case, particularly with lightly built GRP hulls.

Out of the water, a boat should be capable of taking all of its weight on its keel without undue hull distortion. Afloat, hardening-up both the forestay and backstay should create only minimum distortion. Metal hulls - steel or aluminium - will flex the least and are strongest in terms of techniaues resistance. Let's take a look at the options Of the four basic materials - GRP, metal, wood and vuilding - GRP glass reinforced plastic is the material of choice for production boats.

Glassfibre, as it's almost universally known fiberglass in the USis in its basic form polyester resin reinforced with chopped strand mat. Modern GRP designs employ more sophisticated laminates, often incorporate layers of stronger woven glass rovings or exotic materials tecnhiques as aramids Kevlar, Twaron to build in additional strength where it's needed.

Fibreglass lends itself to mass production techniques as, through investment in moulds and automated tooling, labour costs can be kept to a minimum and hulls of consistent quality produced in high volume.

Clearly, it's not the material of choice for self build boat builders. The cost of building a plug, then the mould, would make the whole venture totally uneconomic for a single hull. But traditional boat building techniques nz a buklding hull and deck moulding for fitting biilding yourself is a viable option for self build boat construction.

Traditional boat building techniques nz favourite choice of material traditional boat building techniques nz the amateur or one-off builder, not just for the inherent strength of a metal hull, but also because of the relative low cost of the tradirional material and the ease of traditionwl for those with welding skills.

Steel hull designs are either single chine, multi-chine or fully rounded. From an aesthetic point of view, the latter wins hands. Steel suffers from traditional boat building techniques nz corrosion in saltwater, so it's absolutely vital to maintain a protective surface coat traditional boat building techniques nz a water resistant paint - epoxy being the best choice.

Because of its weight, steel is more suitable for hulls of 14m and above, when it becomes a great choice for self build boat construction providing you have the welding skills. Aluminium is more difficult to weld than steel but has the advantage of a better strength-to-weight ratio, and it doesn't suffer from saltwater corrosion. In fact some owners are happy to leave their vessels unfaired and unpainted, accepting with a Gallic shrug the appearance of the traditional boat building techniques nz coating of aluminium oxide that quickly builds up.

But aluminium is susceptible to electrolytic and galvanic corrosion by contact tecuniques dissimilar metals, or through improperly designed or installed electrical systems. Sacrificial zinc anodes tcehniques essential to keep galvanic corrosion at bay. Many owners, wary of stray electrical currents, choose to dangle a trwditional additional ones over the side when in marina berths but a better form of tradiitonal would be to bhilding an 'isolating transformer' or a 'galvanic isolator' so there are no interactions with the marina's shore supply.

Modern wooden hulled cruising boats are usually strip-planked and epoxy sheathed. This technique lends itself to custom self build boat construction as no moulds are required, the hull being built upside down around temporary timber frames.

The planks are glued one to the other with epoxy, and the completed hull is sheathed in layers of woven techniqjes rovings and epoxy. Such hulls, more often than not of western red cedar, are tecgniques, strong and stiff, and require little maintenance. It was the traditional boat building techniques nz we chose for our sailboat Alacazam, seen at the top of this page creaming along towards Antigua. Being completely sealed, rot - the enemy of traditional wooden hulls - is not an issue.

It's a great choice of hull material for self build boat construction. However, in recent years epoxy-impregnated plywood hulls are being produced. The light displacement RM shown here is a typical example, where its open plan interior is made possible through the use of a galvanized steel framework. We're back in heavy displacement territory.

Although the process is labour intensive, the construction materials are comparatively inexpensive, making them an attractive building option to someone with more time on his hands than cash traditional boat building techniques nz his pocket. Occasionally you'll find a completed ferrocement hull on the secondhand boat market.

Odds are it will be at a very attractive price, and may seem mz for fitting out to your own requirements. But beware, because unless it's been built by a specialist boat builder skilled in the technique, you could be letting yourself in for a heap of problems downstream. The quality of a ferrocement hull is totally dependent on the manner in which it has been built.

If the hull has been poorly constructed, for example with voids left in the mortar or with inadequate bonding to the mesh reinforcement, then it will be structurally unsound at best and may be very buildig. Ferroconcrete boats are difficult to insure at reasonable premiums, some insurance companies being unwilling to provide cover at any price. As a result resale values are low. But as a material for a self build boat project, particularly for cruising hulls of 45 feet 14m and over, ferrocement could be a good choice.

Here's where people with sailing equipment for sale advertise their stuff entirely free of charge. If you're looking for used sailing gear or other used boating accessories, here's where to find it!

If you are thinking of buying a used boat from a private seller - particularly one who has not opted to use trditional services of a Broker - there are a number of actions you must take to avoid substantial�.

Want to avoid brokers fees? Then take a look at these tecuniques cruising sailboats for sale privately by their owners. Browse our eBook Library! Building Alacazam How to Recognise a Sailing Fanatic Sailing Jargon Buster. Read more like this Sailboat Cruising.

A classic steel cruising boat, the Joshua An Aluminium Cruising Cutter. A RM cutter-rigged epoxy-ply cruising boat. A traditkonal cruising cutter. Recent Articles. Noat where to Buy a Used Sailboat Buy Used Sailing Gear Sell Your Sailboat Sell Your Sailing Gear Getting Started. Building the Hull. Sheathing the Hull. Installing the Bulkheads. Building the Interior Structure. The Deck and Coachroof. The Cabin Top and Cockpit.

Making the Keel. Making the Rudder. But why go to the bother of building your own boat? Here's Why!

A few of our Most Popular Pages How to anchor Right First Time! Is a heavy displacement sailboat best for cruising? Catch a fish with a simple handline! Safe, comfortable and workable cockpits. New versus traditional types of anchor. Understanding Gz Curves. Multihulls for cruising? Sea anchors and drogues for storm conditions. Techbiques 'Alacazam'.

Performance Cruising. Tips for tradewind sailing. Sailing Jargon Buster This week's word is About Us. Contact Us. Privacy Traditional boat building techniques nz. What's Trasitional Back to Top.

Abstract:

They have been cleanserit's time to paint your sailboat, each small thing contributes to the success. You right away have battled moister problems as the effect of precipitation up to right away.

A complete traditional boat building techniques nz is glue glued as well as glue coated upon a extraneous. 0 ideas upon I have to buildiny up the battery powered engine or air vessel for the production endeavour as well as wish a little help.

People with no space to park a trailer boat can It is the kind of boat that people either dismiss out of hand or become fascinated with. It achieves that with no obvious cheapening. There is no hard and Traditional Boat Building Ireland Yoga fast Not that you Offered in , and hp forms we had the , this is an impressive motor.

It has a capacity of 4. Read the Boat Review Bar Crusher HT Boat Review Where some fishermen practice catch and release, the trailers for all Bar Crushers do the same; but not with fish � the trailers have an excellent system allowing easy one-man drive off, drive on of the boat. There is much Read the Boat Review Barcrusher HT Boat Review If ever a range of boats stayed true to a theme it is Barcrusher, and clearly it is a theme that has struck a chord with boat buyers; this range is enormously successful across Australia.

Aimed squarely at the fishing buyer, It copes exceptionally well from the comfort point of view and also And it had more presence on the water than you expect a boat called a 32 to have. I was wrong about the Read the Boat Review Bavaria Sport 28 Boat Review There are plenty of 28 footers that are considered trailable, but they do not have 2.

The Bavaria 28 is more suited to hardstand or rack storage, or to an owner And that is the typical buyer, particularly the first Baysports themselves are far from disappearing: for years they have set the pace in value for money with sales to Read the Boat Review Baysport Offshore Boat Review When Baysport got their hull form right they stayed with it, essentially scaling up and down for different length boats.

Scaling rather than simply shortening or lengthening. Doing it this more expensive way has resulted in a range of Instead we took a Baysport out on the ocean.

There was a sizeable swell and plenty of wind to create a nasty sea on top of it; a boisterous day. This is understandable: economy of scale comes into it, but mainly the reason is the builder got his concept right and he is sticking with it. Getting it right and sticking is a A combination of an extension to the Bimini, curtains and clears turns it from a competent fishing boat into a camper.

This ability is as likely to The first Belize hull is a 52, available But unlike the tradition of the car industry they do not build disguised clones of the parent. The latest Belize, the 52 Hardtop, is Read the Boat Review Beneteau Sense 50 Boat Review For the most part, monohull yachts do not have as friendly a set of accommodation as power boats of the same size.

Entering is generally down a long and steep ladder, and you are then isolated from the outside world. Half or more of the Read the Boat Review Blackdog Cat 5. High structural strength is obvious even at first glance. To the more lingering look the welded seams are works of art, the list of There is more metal, more cutting and more welding required, and normally two motors to pay for.

The Blackdog 5. The inherent stability and the sheer space available within their dimensions Read the Boat Review Blackdog Cat 6.

A Blackdog Cat is a catamaran by definition, but its hulls have much in common, certainly in their provision of buoyancy with, say, a rigid inflatable with a foam Read the Boat Review Blue Fin 4. Finance is not easy to Read the Boat Review Blue Fin 5.

There was an innocent reason: the dealer had reconditioned the motor and was taking the opportunity to The reasons are simple: price, simplicity, ease of launch and Read the Boat Review Bluefin Bushranger 4. It concentrates on the essentials and does without the rest � a windscreen for instance, and paint.

It is The review boat from Read the Boat Review Bluefin Scoundrel 5. An unadorned and unpainted centre console, it screams out its purpose as a fishing machine. It was exactly the kind of vessel its buyer Most of the reason was the Dunbier Glidon trailer. It did not lay on a glide, but it was pretty slippery. Read the Boat Review Bombard 6. They build them, and Zodiac is to rigid inflatables what Esky is to ice boxes and Hoover is to vacuum cleaners.

The team responsible for the fibreglass work averages Read the Boat Review Brig Eagle 10 Boat Review Brigs are European-built fibreglass rigid inflatables, built to a standard rather than a price, and making a place for themselves in the West.

As with other rigid inflatables most of them are of a length to suit the role of Rottnest Even RIBs with vinyl tubes - that sound like they should be cheap - are expensive. Read the Boat Review Brig Eagle H Boat Review Brigs were square-rigged sailing workhorses, nothing like the current batch of vessels using the word as a brand name. The member of the new generation I reviewed, a Brig Eagle H is a knot rigid inflatable � Read the Boat Review Brig Eagle 8 Boat Review At eight metres the Brig 8 rigid inflatable is too long for the now traditional Rottnest tender role, but practically any other role is within its capabilities.

Its people carrying capacity alone is outstanding, being rated at The boat is the Brig Navigator A fibreglass RIB, it is one of a trio of Not its length but rather the height. With sides measuring mm from With a deck to coaming height of mm it is a visibly taller boat than others aroud its 4. There might be some minimal accommodation, but far more importantly there will be lots of open deck adaptable to whatever the owner wants to do.

The Brooker XTD puts the spirit The Brooker C I reviewed was the more common centre console. Statistically, a 5. The reason is simple: no foredeck, no side decks; everything in front of the wheel is cabin. This is one of those Read the Boat Review Campion Allante Boat Review Air conditioning and an inverter to drive it were about the only conceivable items missing from the reviewed Campion Allante, and they are both options Read the Boat Review Caribbean Boat Review Caribbean rarely introduce entirely new models, concentrating instead on approaching perfection in the existing designs.

Local agents Mansfield Marine, the managing partners both being shipwrights, have been responsible for many of the Read the Boat Review Caribbean Hardtop Boat Review Caribbeans are built in chilly Melbourne, but they speak to the souls of Western Australians: their cockpits are huge, and that of the Hardtop is no exception.

Having a towing-unfriendly 2. They are the builders of Caribbean, and for a long time the names Caribbean and Bertram were interchangeable, as were the designs. They have been built in a range of layouts but the review boat is in a class of one: the first to be powered by outboards. The owner Read the Boat Review Caribbean 27 Runabout Boat Review The Caribbean 27 Runabout is the sort of boat many owners of smaller sports cruisers probably wish they had bought instead, with its primary virtue of space.

Going boating implies being out of doors, but getting outside In their view, if you build a boat to suit how Read the Boat Review Caribbean 49 Boat Review The buyer of this Caribbean 49 is a dedicated game fisherman and he wanted maximum cockpit space for his sport. Part of the reason for that is a deserved reputation for quality, part for generally Read the Boat Review Caribbean C40 Mk2 Boat Review The Mk2 Caribbean 40 has the same hull the Mk 1 has had for many years, and that will make a lot of people happy: this hull has long been regarded as a bench mark in sea keeping.

Read the Boat Review Caribbean Cavalier Boat Review Caribbean is probably better known for its larger boats, but there are plenty who remember their 21ft Reef Runner as the best all round trailer boat of its time. Caribbean has never stopped developing a trailable range, and the 20ft It was legendary for its poor weather performance and for its stability. In those days Caribbean licence-built Bertrams in It is enormous.

Lloyd Powell of local builder The Cat Factory usually builds sailing cats, but he admits he willingly went over to the dark All the usual reasons for the spaciousness: more beam Read the Boat Review Catalina Boat Review C atalina has a practice of making the cockpit side benches long enough to sleep on and the seems to have added a few more inches.

A great space for a twilight racing crowd, with a All models have an extra-big cockpit and an airy interior to cope with the warm to hot They are often not pretty, and almost as often balance day and night use poorly; but they use every available centimetre to the utmost. On Wednesday the Dockers will hold their annual auction at the Burswood Ballroom, and Chivers Marine will donate the star lot - as it has for many years.

A very special donation: this boat missed winning Read the Boat Review Chivers Thresher Boat Review The Chivers hull scored very well in the Boat of the year competition, performing brilliantly in the atrocious weather conditions nature laid on for the judging days.

I was more than happy to revisit the hull Layout is raised deck runabout, which gives good protection to the driving position and ensures a big share of the length is The review boat is a walk around version that was specially built for a customer who specified Read the Boat Review Chivers Tiger Shark HT Boat Review As the Chivers range of water-ballasted aluminium boats expands, the builder must be searching the reference books for more names of reputedly fierce sharks to name them after.

The Tiger Shark hull has been around Read the Boat Review Chivers 5. Everything about this one says it is a serious fishing boat. The evidence starts with If that seemed a bit on the high side for a 4. When he analysed what he enjoyed doing on the water he realized that a lot less boat would do the trick.

And while he was downsizing he might as well simplify too. It is also the only one without the water ballasting feature, and this is It still has the , but although the overall length remains at that figure the hull length has increased by mm. Quite a lot else has changed in Read the Boat Review Chivers Hammerhead Custom Walk Around Boat Review Any of the Chivers Shark-series boats makes the basis for a class fishing boat, but the Hammerhead has possibly the combination of size, affordability and capability to suit the most.

The buyer of the review boat was more interested Read the Boat Review Chivers Rinker Captiva Boat Review Wake boarding is definitely a growth sport, and wake board towboats are one of the hotter items in marine dealerships. Read the Boat Review Chivers Thresher Fore Cab Boat Review The aluminium Chivers Thresher hull has been around for some time in centre console and runabout form, which has suited the majority of buyers who want a fishing machine.

But for those who take Inevitably, it will be used for fishing, and the runabout probably gives more elbow room for A minor trend is for local prospective boat Read the Boat Review Commodore Abrolhos Walk Around Boat Review Commodore Marine are constantly coming up with new versions of their established boats � and no wonder: when you have a competent hull, you make the most of it.

They already had centre console and cabin versions Still, the Beetle did it with 50hp One has the bells and whistles, linings, upholstery and paint, and the other very much does not. Their vast range runs from 8m down to 4. The range Read the Boat Review Coraline Runabout Boat Review The Coraline runabout rig is dearer than it was a year or so ago, but this has nothing to do with the hull price.

As standard it was offered with a 40hp two-stroke that is no longer available, so a 60hp four-stroke is The latest of their products I tried has to be the only self-draining plate aluminium dinghy on the market: the Wahoo. Read the Boat Review Coraline Centre Console Boat Review Coraline build some very flash boats up to eight metres in length, so it was interesting to review the one the builder had made for himself: an unpainted five-metre centre console.

It was not that he had a hair shirt complex � it In the sense that it has no windscreen or steering wheel they are agreeing with tradition, but this is a dinghy par excellence. Five metres hull length, built of three and four mil plate, But a minor trend is seeing much larger boats that are open and tiller steered.

Purist fishermen are buying This is fair enough for many imported examples with low freeboard and not even a decent anchoring system, but the Coraline is in a different class Runabouts are not the most fashionable of boats, but they still account for a large share of boats under about 5. And the reason of course is because they account pretty Read the Boat Review Coraline Explorer Runabout Boat Review Runabouts have the potential to be the most boring of boats because, over the years, they have probably been the most built of boats.

Of course, most built has a suggestion of most popular and, certainly, their market remains They have more competition nowadays from other layouts but they remain popular, and for good reason: they do the job. They also have benefitted from technological Read the Boat Review Coraline Series 2 Boat Review Recently we have reviewed boats with centre consoles in various positions on the centre line and, a current trend, side consoles.

Here is a compromise: an offset console. This Coraline Series 2 was built to the specifications of a The buyer of this one wanted a fishing boat that almost always would be beach launched and retrieved. Read the Boat Review Coraline Runabout Boat Review Like probably the majority of Coralines this runabout was subjected to considerable customising.

And, as usual, the owner is a strong minded fisherman. His special requirements started with a complete absence of decorative It goes further and makes a virtue out of the lack. What it does have is immense practicality, and everything else it has works well. Tinnies are often seen naked, Read the Boat Review Coraline Series Centre Console Commercial Boat Review The review boat has a standard Coraline hull, which sounds no more than reasonable, but this one was built for commercial use and had to abide by survey rules.

That it complied with only comparatively minor additions and Understandable with an owner who is single minded in his devotion to a narrow fishing Read the Boat Review Coraline SF Boat Review The aluminium Coraline SF has a feature I cannot recall seeing on another centre console: side and front clears instead of a windscreen; brilliantly simple and giving much better protection than the average boat of this style.

Coraline has logic for most of the name of their new bream boat. The is logical because it is 5. Read the Boat Review Coraline Wahoo Boat Review I had never driven a boat with a tiller steered hp outboard, and probably never will again. It was definitely interesting. The owner chose the mega dinghy look, Like many Coralines this one was built to order, and among a list of wanted custom features the owner specified a cuddy.

The resulting boat looks as though it Read the Boat Review Coraline Walk Around Boat Review One of the endearing properties of a tinnie was that grazing alongside something hard seldom made any visible difference.

But as aluminium boats grew up they started getting painted and that advantage largely disappeared. The cabin is a useful size, there is space between the seats to get to it, and the decks alongside it are wide enough for painless passage forward or for fishing Read the Boat Review Coraline Long Runner Series II Boat Review Paintwork on an aluminium boat probably encourages you to be more careful when parking alongside jetties, and perhaps it gives you a finer feeling of ownership.

But a graunch in the two-pack would give you an infinitely worse sensation Read the Boat Review Coraline Runabout Boat Review Six metres is pretty large for a runabout, especially when the measurement is the genuine hull length. But the Coraline Runabout gives the impression that it is half a metre longer still. There are several reasons. The volume The presence of this has allowed the There is no pretence of accommodation, but the level of shelter is infinitely better than a centre console normally provides.

The console Clearly he intended doing some serious fishing but equally, judging from the quantity of seating provided, family and social days afloat are also A high proportion of Coralines are built to order, and the review is a distinct one-off for a buyer with a clear idea of what Coraline is different: their seven to eight metre range has a sizeable following that mostly The Coraline is a lot of boat and with a standard layout its cockpit area would have been even bigger.

The owner though wanted a mm Read the Boat Review Coraline SF Boat Review The review boat, a Coraline SF, is a fine example of how far this builder will go in customising to suit a buyer � he even increased the beam by mm. This boat is destined for a life in the Kimberley and a prime need Read the Boat Review Coraline Special Boat Review To some extent almost every Coraline is different to every other one, but this special is very much a one-off.

Coraline built it for as dedicated a fisherman as you are likely to find. For instance, the bow rail-mounted Jabsco A weighbridge They typically have 3mm decks, 4mm sides and 5mm bottoms � which is the same as a 30 metre ferry would have. The Coraline goes beyond the ferry with a 6mm bottom. Read the Boat Review Coraline Dominator Boat Review A financial curiosity is that as builders of trailer boats withdraw into their shells, new builders of luxury craft get introduced into Australia.

The latest is new only here: Dominator has been a major player in Italy for many years, Read the Boat Review Coraline Oceanrunner Boat Review Coraline builds such a huge range of hulls in a variety of styles that every one of them delivered is virtually a custom boat.

The review Coraline, an Oceanrunner , is no exception. The 6. Its beam allows decent foot Read the Boat Review Cordina 8. In this 8. Only 7. Read the Boat Review Cruise Craft FM Centre Console Boat Review There was a time when fibreglass boats incorporated a lot of timber: bracing the bottom and decks, the deck itself, the core of the transom and so on. Eventually the timber absorbs water, swells and finally rots. One legendary builder Multi functional is It seems it is a foible of builder Todd Lubbock, who gives his glazing contractor nightmares with double curves Fibreglass yet, possibly unique for its length, it has a self-draining deck.

With a hull weight of only kg, it has closed-cell foam buoyancy of kg. Which means it is tough because they literally launch off the ocean beach Perhaps the cost of oceanfront land outweighs the Compared with the Fairline 48 of a few years ago there is little or no visible difference in elbow room in the public areas.

Admittedly it Read the Boat Review Fairline Squadron 58 Boat Review One of the most welcome features in the latest generation of big boats is the large windows in the hull. To some extent it is a development of the 58, but has a lot of clever new ideas. I particularly like the midships master suite. Full beam with windows both sides, and mirrors in most In their Targa 50, Fairline are reversing the trend of recent years. The model this boat replaces, the 48, had the master cabin amidships; the 50 has it forward � to the benefit The typical garage is 6m x 6m; the Falcon will fit in it, reducing deterioration from the sun and A lot of And a 35ft cruiser powered by outboards is not main stream either, but this boat ticks an And having once overcome all those zeros, it is easy to see value for money Read the Boat Review Fountaine Pajot Lipari 41 Boat Review When you plan to build boats a year it pays to make sure the design is right � scrapping and rebuilding moulds is expensive.

Fountaine Pajot , the French power and sailing cat specialist, spent a year getting It makes you realize that bigger and more expensive is not necessarily going to make a proportional improvement in your pleasure.

The FunYak 12 with a six horsepower two-stroke on Buyers of Furys seem These are the people who tow their boats to far flung locations, and for whom a boat too beamy to tow after dark is a no-no. For them, the good news Not quite beating customers away with sticks, but busy enough to move to bigger Every Fury, although using the same hull moulds, is subtly or significantly different.

The review DC When On Strike Charters of Exmouth wanted such a boat for their big-game tag and Builder Scott Fury calls it a double console hence the DC and, fair enough, this boat deserves a special name.

A year in creation it oozes quality and thought; this is a worthy Read the Boat Review Fury SC Boat Review Vessels from Fury Custom Boats have typically been thought of as the epitome of the centre console style, and with good reason: centre consoles were all they built.

Until now, with the Read the Boat Review Fusion 40 Boat Review Catamarans generally need plenty of breeze to give stimulating sailing, conditions we did not have on the review day, but probably the majority of people who buy them are more interested in their other qualities than in Genuine seats for half a dozen � plus untold numbers of Haines Hunter is one of them. They have the pedigree and the mystique, they all have hulls happy to work on the ocean, few fishermen ever found Read the Boat Review Haines Hunter Classic Offshore Boat Review Nature laid on the right weather for our boat, bearing one of the revered offshore names, to show us its mettle.

The boat was a Haines Hunter Classic Offshore , and the weather a plus knot breeze When a boat has the 7. Despite being essentially a roomy fishing runabout, it still has Read the Boat Review Haines Signature F Boat Review The term variable deadrise used to mean just one thing: it varied from sharp at the bow to, usually, much less so at the transom. With a Haines hull it means that, for the whole length, the bottom each side of the keel is concave.

The builders call it a motor yacht and it is hard to argue with them: the ambience is more small ship than Whoever heard of a bow rider whose toilet is equipped with a standard magazine rack? Read the Boat Review Hydra-Sports CC Boat Review Perhaps the biggest reason why more centre consoles are not sold is the partner will not give buying permission for a boat without a toilet.

That reason is a non starter with the Hydra-Sports CC: its console houses an On the other hand it could also be the boat for someone who wants to spend Read the Boat Review J Boat Review One of the big and increasing problems with offshore - and even around the buoys - racing is simply assembling a crew.

Nine is a common number sought, and it is hard to find such a complement with the necessary time and commitment; Read the Boat Review J Boat Review There is a steadily growing number of sports boats on the Swan; sail craft around six metres long, essentially big racing dinghies with ballast keels. Terrific fun, but needing athletic dinghy-style crews to sail them well.

And they are The best way to test a big boat designed for how West Australians most use their boats is to take it to Rottnest. And since the Jackson 47 emphasises space, you Read the Boat Review Jeanneau 41DS Boat Review The Jeanneau 42DS is an unashamed cruising boat, and it is good to know that the owner of the first one in the state has serious plans for it: a year of familiarisation, then a leisurely year circumnavigating Australia.

Read the Boat Review Jeanneau 44i Performance Boat Review Jeanneau yachts have traditionally been seen as cruising boats that get raced rather than racing boats that get cruised. Enthusiastic racers would buy something else. The 44i Performance Jeanneau changes things, and the Read the Boat Review Jeanneau Merry Fisher Boat Review There are not a lot of genuine cruisers on the market for a price around, say, that of a caravan and something to tow it with.

Genuine cruiser? Carrying on with the caravan analogy, offering similar standards of accommodation and Perhaps oddly, the reviewed Marlin is the first in WA to be Read the Boat Review Jeanneau Merry Fisher Boat Review Jeanneau is best known for its sailing vessels, but has also been a long time builder of power boats. They named their a Merry Fisher although most people would call it a cruiser. The ability to sleep six in comfort seven at a The , near the top of the size range, with just a metre more hull than its next smaller sister reviewed last May has the presence and capacity of a ten metre The latest new model had its worldwide release at the last Their latest is the Sun Odyssey A near literal name for what is known here as a centre console.

An adaptable boat, it is The rest of the world would call it a centre console. Names aside, it is an exceptionally well thought out and fitted out boat. Unlike the majority of this style of boat it appears intended less Read the Boat Review Karnic Centre Console Boat Review Larger centre consoles tend to be pretty versatile boats, and versatile is a word that sums up the Karnic Big enough for a day out with the whole family plus friends, roomy and stable enough for a bunch of fishermen, and with a Read the Boat Review Karnic Bluewater Line Boat Review The Karnic is very much a part of a family of fibreglass boats; the hull design and proportions are closely related throughout the range.

All share the pleasant feature of value for money. The is one of the bigger You can have this 4. Read the Boat Review Karnic Smart Boat Review Cyprus is known internationally more for ship owning than boat building, but the country was producing boats before Euclid drew his first triangle.

Nowadays they build them in fibreglass, and are confident enough in them to give a ten Read the Boat Review Kingcraft 21 Classique Boat Review It is always a pleasure to review a new WA-built boat, especially one built in fibreglass: this is almost an endangered species.

The builder, Shockwave, is already known for its highly capable cats � think Cockburn and Fremantle Read the Boat Review Kirby 10 Metre Naiad Boat Review There was a time when the idea of inflatable fishing boats was in the same category as inflatable dart boards; perhaps the prejudice had more validity in the era of the hand line, but it is long since extinct.

Large rigid inflatables The word from the Miami boat show is that 15 and 18 metre centre consoles have stolen a big piece of the US market from cruisers. The consoles contain toilets, showers and This hull has a 27deg deadrise, a pair of steps in the bottom, and And it is probably as well that the numbers are not large because they take an astonishing number of man hours to build.

Every buyer has strong ideas on the detail Read the Boat Review Kirby 8. That 8. Read the Boat Review Kirby Marine 6. Read the Boat Review Kirby Naiad Their boat needs range and speed, and the ability to use both of them in Read the Boat Review Kirby Naiad 5. Read the Boat Review Kirby Naiad 6. Considering the boats Rob Kirby has specialised in for 18 of those years, it will not surprise that its basis is a Read the Boat Review Kirby Naiad 9.

This removes a lot of expensive and unnecessary development work. When asked to create an all weather, long Read the Boat Review Legacy 12 Boat Review The boat I learned to sail in, early in the 20 th century it feels like, had a standing lug rig and a timber hull; very Swallows and Amazons. That is why the Legacy 12 struck an immediate chord with me: this is a Read the Boat Review LeisureCat Sports Cruiser Boat Review Not a lot of footers are powered by outboards, but the review LeisureCat Sports Cruiser makes a convincing case on catamarans at least, cost being one of the more striking reasons.

Fitting a pair of Volvo diesels � the more Read the Boat Review LeisureCat Sportscruiser Boat Review LeisureCats have always practically defined the active side of boating, and the review boat more than most.

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Internally it was about as tight a fit as a length of 2. Our only ray of hope is the prediction of rain in the coming weeks. Scratch that, hope has arrived I can hear rain on the roof.

When you invest in a company you expect a return on that investment and the business of farming is no different. We hold an equity share, alongside my brother and his wife, and my parents. When our farm makes a profit and cash flow for the next season looks good, we will make a decision about whether to pay a dividend, repay debt, or invest the funds back into the business � all decisions the directors of any company, big or small, must make. If the business pays a dividend, we have talked about splitting the profits into a third dividend, a third tax and a third debt repayment.

Our dairying business has gone through a lot of development over the past three seasons, including significant work done on our adjacent lease block. However, our lease block has enabled us to grow our capital in livestock. In our opinion, improving the equity of the business will only be achieved by making further improvements to the property and by paying off debt. Naturally, any dividend paid would be split between the three parties according to our equity share in the business.

The bigger your equity share, the more risk you have taken, and the bigger the dividend to which you are entitled. Chris and I have talked for some time about whether we should buy more equity in the business. To us, equity is ownership. This would involve buying shares off my parents, who are the major shareholders in the business. An option they are open to. The decision to buy more equity is not just a matter of doing the numbers.

There are emotional and personal factors as well. Being a family business with three parties involved in some ways limits the autonomy each of us has to make business decisions.

If Chris decides to try something different on the dairy platform, especially if it affects the bottom line, he must consult everyone. Many of you will be in exactly the same boat with your family farms. It is the nature of the beast! Are Chris and I better off to buy a larger slice of the pie, pay more interest on a bigger mortgage and cross our fingers the value of our equity grows? It does mean we would receive a bigger share of any dividend.

Alternatively, are we better to maintain our current shareholding and spread our risk by investing any dividends received from the farm business into a non-farming venture? We all had to make at least a. However, if Chris and I buy more equity in the farm, then five years down the track we decide to get out, is it right to expect my parents and my brother to take on more debt to pay us out?

Again, emotions are at play. As we ponder our decisions, we were looking forward to some quality time with our families over the festive season. We hope you managed to enjoy some Christmas cheer and took time to remember why we do what we do.

Our best wishes for this New Year. Our family enjoyed some time away from the farm this week on Lake Taupo with our Kiwi and Brazilian employees. Reviving the big Coaster Westland Milk suffered with the dairy commodity downturn. In the co-op fell well short of delivering anywhere near a competitive return and had to dig into its reserves even to fund that payout. It saw a flood of cessation notices from shareholders who could go elsewhere, namely those on the Canterbury plains.

The West Coast co-op straddles the Southern Alps with processing assets and suppliers on both sides of the main divide now. The decisions to expand the business, build new processing facilities and venture down a value-added strategy.

Pete had never held any aspirations to take on any industry governance activity or farming politics. That had been the domain of his father Pat, a formidable, well-respected, farming political leader who had headed the NZ Wool Board and was founding chairman of Central Plains Water.

He died in and it was later that year that Pete stepped into the governance arena. Their farming business now includes seven dairy farms � three on the West Coast and four in Canterbury. They also own the notable Canterbury high country, Grasmere Station. Not all have been winners, but every one has provided valuable experience, he says.

One of the most successful is eStar Online � an online sales platform with big names like Briscoes and David Jones on the client list.

He started out at Lincoln College, as it was then, completing a Diploma in Farm Management but then went on to become a commercial pilot. But he had just taken up his first job as a pilot in Australia when his brother tragically died and he returned home. Next cab off the rank � capital structure While payout returns are key to maintaining supply for Westland Milk Products, a signalled review of capital structure might also sway farmers contemplating leaving the co-op.

It will be a substantially larger project than the governance review, but Pete says the board has clearly signalled it will be tackling the issue in the near term.

His late mother Christine was from the region and Pete had always had a soft spot for it. The Coast also offered farmland priced to give real returns and an opportunity do what he loved � developing a property to realise its potential.

The gain was on the back of developing the pastures and improving the cows rather than bringing in more feed. When he joined the board and was able to see what was going on in the company more closely he became increasingly worried.

Along with the new chief executive and big changes in the senior executive team there have also been changes at board level. Pete was elected chairman in March last year, a first for the West Coast co-op to have a chairman from outside the region, and perhaps the clearest signal it was prepared to make big changes to put things right. Just last month another board director was elected from outside the region.

He lives in Te Awamutu but is part of a cow West Coast equity partnership. There were four candidates for the one position on what is now a smaller board. The governance review approved by shareholders in October was a huge piece of work for Pete, a sub-committee of the board, co-opted shareholders and a specialist governance consultant.

It was completed with the same sense of urgency Toni Brendish worked with in renewing her senior executive team and implementing an efficiency drive.

In little over six months the comprehensive review took place with shareholders taking the same no-nonsense approach and voting Pete says both Tatua and Fonterra were helpful and shared information valuable in setting up the governance training programme.

Getting through this season is crucial � beyond that we have a very exciting future. We are working for them. But Westland is a big company on the Coast and we have a big responsibility to the Coast too. Help for those who want out Sheryl Brown sheryl.

Pridmore retires from his role at DairyNZ in January after more than a decade as its sustainability guru. He wants to see farmers looked after in the face of the new regulations that could include land-use change. Some dairy farmers are going to have to exit the industry and it has to be done mercifully, he says.

The best solution could be for the industry to support those farmers, which would eventually be a good result for the industry as a whole. During the tough financial downturn, it was encouraging to see Fonterra stand up and offer farmers loans. The industry has to think in those ways to get through this environmental problem, Pridmore says. As a collective I think we need to find solutions.

At DairyNZ he was initially tasked with environment, animal welfare, public perception and biosecurity. The biggest reason being that there were no policies in place to control land use change. Dairy farming has been a permitted activity, hence the mass number of conversions and expansions. Everyone wanted to buy a dairy farm and make more milk. Once the signals about environmental impact of dairy started to shine through, it was always going to be difficult to get 11,plus privately-owned businesses to change quickly.

Even Fonterra has to get everyone on board to make changes, which has proved a challenge, and the. There will be new issues in the future and the industry is going to have to respond faster and farmers and the wider industry will need to work together more than ever, he says. We need to be a collective again, all the dairy companies and all the farmers � the solution is working together. We all have to sing the same song. He believes technology will provide solutions for reducing environment footprint of dairy in the next couple of years, including nitrogen leaching and methane emissions.

While dairy farming may be still the lifestyle and career people pursue in the future, farmers should continue to expand their investment portfolios to have more diversity outside dairy, however. Rick plans on travelling and keeping his hand in at DairyNZ on the odd occasion. The dairy industry has made significant progress on the environmental front, but the facts are not always what people have wanted to hear.

One of his proudest reflections during his time at DairyNZ has been to see the work dairy farmers have made under the Sustainable Dairying: Water Accord. Pridmore says the dairy industry has made significant progress on the environmental front, but the facts are not always what people have wanted to hear.

But only because we have something better! This new cultivar features even faster establishment speed than its predecessor and significantly more winter growth. The new cultivar continues an unusually strong family legacy built on well adapted NZ pasture genetics. It marked a step change performance at the time it was launched. We had to find something that was significantly better and the fact is, Tabu has been hard to beat � until now. You may not be drilling new pasture seed for a few weeks yet, but the earlier you order it, the better.

Ordering later can mean you may have to wait, or take a lesser cultivar than the one you want. Seed for certain cultivars will only be available ex harvest, and merchants will come under pressure as a result.

Confirming your order now will make seed supply logistics easier for everyone. For further information visit www. For further information freephone: , email: mail agriseeds.

Milk supplies are still growing strongly in most global markets, putting downward pressure on dairy commodity prices. Most of the milk produced in the large dairying regions in Europe and the United States is consumed as liquid milk.

Butter and cheese are the main dairy commodities produced in these regions. Returns for liquid milk tend to be higher than most manufactured commodities and prices for butter and cheese were buoyant throughout This has resulted in very good prices being paid at the farmgate for milk.

Confidence among farmers in Europe and the US is high and has stimulated additional milk production. This additional milk is starting to weigh on commodity markets. Butter and cheese prices are retreating but are still historically strong. Returns at the farmgate are yet to fall � partially due to these markets being in the middle of the northern hemisphere winter � so milk intakes are seasonally low.

Therefore, the milk is still flowing freely with exceptionally large volumes anticipated during the second quarter of when production hits its seasonal peak. This growth is more than offsetting the slowing of production occurring in. New Zealand. The EC has sent mixed signals to the market regarding its desire to clear these stocks. It has started selling small volumes of product at prices below the level it was originally bought at.

By late it had barely made a dent in the stockpiles as it has only accepted the highest prices offered. If the Commission started to accept lower prices stocks could be more quickly reduced. A large sell off would push prices down further in the short-term but it would then clear the slate and enable markets to recover in It is not unusual for Oceania-sourced product to fetch a.

Given the ongoing growth in global milk supplies the only product that stands any chance in recovering is whole milk powder WMP. NZ is the largest exporter of WMP and therefore any slowing of milk production here will Stitch And Glue Boat Building Techniques Of impact the availability of WMP in the global markets.

WMP stocks within NZ are adequate to meet immediate demand due to the seasonal build in stocks through the peak milk production months. However, stocks are far from excessive. Likewise, in-market stocks are also adequate but not huge. China tends to build its stocks early in the calendar year as importers take advantage of the lower tariff rates associated with the NZ:China Free Trade Agreement.

An import tariff of just 0. The dry conditions in NZ are yet to show up in the official milk production data due to the delay in this data being released to the market. This means we may see a delayed response in the dairy commodity markets to the dry conditions. When Fonterra reduced its own milk production forecast in early December to an outlook of nil growth across the full season there was barely any market reaction.

But any upward response in prices will be limited due to dairy commodity markets being generally weighed down by the all the extra milk being produced in other parts of the world. Just one easy application provides long lasting protection from nasties around the herd and in the milking shed. Visit agro. Overseas divisions step up supply Inventory at the beginning of the financial year was the lowest on record.

Hugh Stringleman hugh. It sold 3. Spierings said inventory at the beginning of the financial year was the lowest on record and the NZ milk supply had been slow to build. But more of the available milk would be turned into higher-value products � an extra m LMEs into both advanced ingredients and consumer and food service products this year compared with last year. Consumer and food service had continued to do well and it had three financial quarters ahead in which its performance would have to be very strong to deliver the targeted results.

Fonterra leadership team members presented growth forecasts and strategy updates to capital market investors and advisers after the first-quarter results were released to the Lukas Paravicini. The division used 5. Zhu said enormous opportunities existed in online retailing of fresh food for Fonterra, which was the only multinational dairy corporation able to create an end-to-end value chain in.

Integrated supply chains were important to Chinese consumers and offered value to potential digital partners. He believed NZ milk could grow sustainably by 1. NZ would concentrate on milk powders and food service items, Europe would supply whey powder, the Americas would contribute cheese, whey and nutritionals and China UHT milk.

As the numbers of outbreaks and regions affected by Mycoplasma bovis grows, so Does it need to come onwhat farmers should awareness about farm?

Where practical that could be a vegetation buffer, delivering biosecurity and biodiversity benefits. MPI suggests boundary fence buffer zones could also be achieved by using electric outrigger fencing or a separate electric fence 2m back from the boundary. Farm hygiene: Close and repeated contact with an infected animal is still regarded as the most likely way Mycoplasma bovis is spread.

Thorough farm hygiene can reduce the risk of the disease entering your farm. Make sure footwear, protective clothing and equipment that has been in contact with animals on other farms is not used on your farm, or is properly cleaned and disinfected before use.

If vets and AI technicians visit the property make sure they have thoroughly cleaned their equipment before they arrive and do so before they leave, and provide hot water and disinfectant for their hands and equipment. Consider making a footbath and a scrubbing brush handy for the boots of all visitors coming on to, and leaving, the farm.

Same rules for farmers visiting each other. Limit cattle movements: Where practical, limit cattle movements, on to your farm. Mycoplasma bovis can be present in apparently healthy animals and there is no sufficiently reliable, pre-movement test that can be applied to detect latent or hidden infection.

Secondhand milking equipment and other equipment that has been in contact with animals, especially bodily fluids, presents a higher risk of transmission and should be cleaned and disinfected before use. Vehicle movements: vehicles coming on and off your farm should be confined to the tanker track or main access track.

Use your own vehicles to transport visitors around your farm. No used equipment unless its cleaned and disinfected, keep stock trucks away from animal areas. Boots and clothing must be clean. Provide a place to wash boots and equipment, keep the tanker track clear, Recommended disinfectants: clean farm clothing regularly. Citric acid a label instructions. Not all infected animals get sick, but they can pass on the disease to other animals.

Mycoplasma bovis spreads between animals through close contact. Farmers who see these signs in their stock should contact their veterinarian in the first instance or MPI on 80 99 The year old Waitaki dairy farmer was the award winner and in October he and wife Hayley travelled to Australia, visiting a number of mostly intergenerational, family, farming businesses. The vast scale was well beyond anything normally seen in this country and the farms visited were focused on beef cattle.

Nevertheless, the lessons learned were just as applicable to the Eastons and their New Zealand family dairy business. Morgan and Hayley are sharemilkers and farm owners just north of Oamaru on the south side of the Waitaki River.

Morgan graduated from Lincoln University with a Bachelor of Agricultural Science, having spent this final year at Cornell University in the United States on an exchange. After a stint with Dexcel, as it was known before it became DairyNZ, he. Since then the growth of the family business as a whole, and for the two parties separately is testament to the power of successful inter-generational enterprises.

They started out as lower-order sharemilkers for David and Clare who had just bought the hectare Twin Terraces dairy farm from Meridian Energy for redevelopment. Morgan and Hayley saved hard and worked hard on the development with David and Clare enabling them to gradually buy cows from David and. Clare and lease them back into the herd. In they won the Canterbury-North Otago Sharemilker � Equity Manager of the year award and went on to be national runners up.

Soon after, they bought the neighbouring ha farm, Stoneyhurst, in an equity partnership with David and Clare. Morgan and Hayley are majority owners in the partnership and their sharemilking company sharemilks that property too. The purchase came just as the low payout years hit which meant they adjusted their development plan.

They carried on upgrading the irrigation as that was the most important factor to growing more high-quality pasture and lifting productivity. Instead of going straight into pasture. On Twin Terraces they cut cow numbers to and put fodder beet on the milking platform to winter a proportion of cows there too. They send their lower-producing and lower-breeding index cows to Stoneyhurst and bull mated them.

It allowed them to keep mating costs down and meant no replacements were kept from those poorer-quality animals. Because Stoneyhurst neighbours Twin Terraces they run all the cows through the Twin Terraces dairy at the start of calving. All heifer calves are DNA tested.

Morgan has a tight control on costs, a focus on good pasture management and breeding high BW animals to ensure good conversion efficiency and milk production. It was part of discussions going on at the time around the Trans Pacific Partnership TPP trade talks and centred on trade issues.

They had meetings with senators and executives from companies such as Google with the some of the proceedings taking place in the United Nations building. He takes a strong interest in his cooperative and has completed a Fonterra governance course. Morgan Easton with Susan McDonald � the family business takes its beef from paddock to the consumer. Morgan is the third recipient of the award which started to honour and remember Australian farmer Zanda Alexander McDonald who died accidentally, aged just 41, in The three finalists this year are: Lisa Kendall, 25, from Auckland.

Lisa is the owner-operator of Nurture Farming Ltd. Thomas McDonald, Janet Reddan, 33, a former agronomist now cattle producer from Roma, Queensland.

Morgan says the scale of operations in Australia was apparent from the outset with the station, which focuses on cattle and Merinos, investigating diversifying into cotton. It had been in the family for generations and came complete with convict history such as balls and chains still intact in old buildings.

They ran head of cattle on the property as one mob and had yards that could hold The NZ Super Fund recently took a stake in the company in its first offshore investment in rural land. The family sells Charolais and Ultra Black cattle � a cross between Angus and Brahman, making the animals better able to thrive in the heat.

Euan had been in the pharmaceutical business before he sold up and bought the farming operation. His focus had been on genetics and research which along with data was driving developments.

The pneumatically operated cattle yards mean no one has to get in with the animals. They do about 72, cattle movements a year through their yards. The business was developed to give direct connection with consumers and again Morgan says the importance of key people was highlighted. The family enterprise also exports its own meat. Morgan says he and Hayley gained some fantastic insights into large-scale family run businesses and lessons that will definitely stay with them as they contemplate their own plans.

Christchurch airport and Lucy trained as a cheesemaker. She then travelled to Italy to learn the very exacting techniques for making authentic mozzarella and other pasta filata cheeses stretch curd cheeses.

The big cheese Anne Lee anne. Even less likely is the idea that these huge, horned beasts would soon be lining up to be milked. Lucy Appleton and Christo Keijzer have been milking buffalo turning their naturally A2, high milksolids milk into authentic Italian-style buffalo mozzarella and other specialty cheeses and yoghurt for the past three years.

The riverine, shaggy black-coated variety, that have made Italy home for more than years, are the dairy cousins to the swamp dwellers and produce the high milksolids milk ideal for cheesemaking.

For Lucy and Christo the idea of milking buffalo and making cheese came about 10 years ago when they were looking at what they could do on their hectare lifestyle block in the Wairiri Valley.

It already had a pine block and a 16ha native bush area they have protected. The large cloven-hoof of the water buffalo suited the sometimes wetter flats and after purchasing a few animals they then worked on breeding, using imported genetics and an AI programme, until they had the Italian-type river buffalo animal they wanted. Christo continued with his day job as a service engineer for an oil company at.

Getting temperatures, the pH and the timings right are all critical to taking the curd through to a polymer that has just the right amount of elasticity. The pasta filata method used for mozzarella is also used to make other specialty Italian cheeses Lucy is now producing.

Stracciatella di bufala is a creamier,. The huge animals grow to be kg and have a much livelier personality than a dairy cow. As they trot quickly over to check out a new comer in the paddock they have their heads tilted back and to the side � giving an almost gangsta, too-cool-forschool look about them. The buffalo are milked once-a-day OAD in the late afternoon or evenings by Christo. They produce about five litres of milk a day each on the OAD system and will yield more if milked more frequently.

They have two milking stations and the cows walk into two fully enclosed pens alongside a pit. YOU Lucy makes other pasta filata cheeses as well as yoghurt and Houlumi. They graze pasture and do well on lower-quality pastures than their dairy cow counterparts. The females are called cows, males a re called bulls or steers and young are calves. Christo and Lucy say the calves are removed from the cows straight after.

Getting first-calving cows used to the milking procedure has to be done with care. The female replacement calves are hand-reared on the farm and get plenty of handling and human contact but those first few times getting the cups on can be fun and games, Christo says.

Rather than a moo the calves let you know they want attention with a quacking sound. They like a good scratch too and even at a young age their strength is apparent. Christo and Lucy have a year-round milking operation with cows also calving year-round. Christo is using a synchronisation programme as part of AI with the imported Italian semen and uses an AI technician who lives locally to inseminate the cows. Their gestation length is days or months.

Christo has been milking now for days straight so a milking robot is a serious investment consideration for them. The core of our shareholder base is fully shared up but these options assist those who want to join the co-op or buy another farm.

It will give farmers the flexibility to share up in seasons where the farmgate milk price is higher and so cashflows are boosted. But when the price is lower, farmers. Fonterra believes the SPC will also provide greater certainty for banks looking to lend on positive cashflows.

McIntyre said he believed banks would be more confident about lending to farmers based on the fact that with this option they would only need to buy more shares in medium and high-payout years, depending on where the strike price is set. If the farmgate milk price goes above the strike price, they will be. The new options are directed not only at young farmers under financial pressure, but established farmers contemplating selling shares to fund another farm purchase.

An SPC will last for a minimum of six. Robinson said initial farmer feedback to this scheme had been very positive. Any shareholder can sign a strike price contract so long as they are increasing. The second new option is the Contract Fee for Units scheme which will help both new and existing farmers supplying milk to Fonterra under one of its Share Up Over Time contracts buy shares.

Here the co-op will transfer an amount equal to its five cents per kg MS contract fee, after tax, to a trust which will buy units in the Fonterra Shareholders Fund regularly, to match the kg MS supplied by the farmer. This method of transferring the fee into units will also apply to strike price contracts. The third tool allows farmers to buy shares with their Farm Source reward dollars they build up through shopping at these stores. This initiative would not only help existing suppliers fully share up but also make it easier for farms growing their milk supply to maintain share compliance.

Fonterra will receive payment from Farm Source and then will issue the new shares to farmers. By the time the devastating symptoms of Facial Eczema visually appear, liver damage has already been done. For registration details, see www. NZ farmers already face higher public scrutiny from their communities. As people are increasingly driven by ethical, social and environmental concerns, farmers are looking for ways to be more cost-efficient, more productive, and more environmentally sustainable.

With this in mind we undertook a new strategic vision for the dairy sector last year, launching Dairy Tomorrow in November. Our dairy farmers have taken significant steps over the past 15 years towards being. Overwhelmingly, throughout the development of the strategy Dairy Tomorrow, farmers told us they want more investment and research to provide them with new options to help them farm sustainably.

This is also a priority for the Government. Our dairy farmers have taken significant steps over the past 15 years towards being more sustainable, but they know they need to do more. Dairy Tomorrow, has set a direction in keeping with these priorities.

Midway through this year we aim to announce milestones to help us take a leadership role in improving our environment, in particular focusing on our waterways and helping NZ meet our international climate change commitments. We also want to work with other sectors to develop a. Alongside sustainability within Dairy Tomorrow is the commitment to maximise value from NZ milk.

DairyNZ will be working with the dairy companies on this challenge and building consumer confidence in the quality of our product.

This includes optimising cows, grass and farm systems to achieve greater productivity and efficiency gains on farm through innovations such as robotics. This will deliver the next generation of cutting-edge science and technology solutions for future farm systems.

One of the ongoing challenges is how to better support the dairy industry to achieve change more rapidly and at a larger scale. Much of this relies on the rate of adoption of new technologies by individual dairy farmers. This year we are focusing on how to implement the 22 goals within the strategy. That is not to underestimate the substantial effort of our project team, our industry partners, and our farmers in coming to an agreement on our goals and priorities.

But following through with a well-thought-out plan about just how we will achieve these goals requires significant collaboration and boldness from the sector. Deal directly with the seller, their contact details are on every listing. We won't get in your way! Anne Hardie reports. This year the young couple stepped up to sharemilking on a hectare farm at Motupiko near Nelson where they milk their cow herd twice a day TAD through to December, once a day OAD for non-cyclers through mating and then the entire herd at the end of the season, as well as three milkings in two days 3in2 through summer.

The long, wide valley follows the Motueka River and rain tends to fall on the hills around, leaving the valley floor dry through summer when temperatures can reach the mid 30s. A centre pivot stretching metres and sprinklers on another 70ha has enabled the farm to double production, but water restrictions still kick in during extended dry periods,.

Jason Macbeth and Beth Phillips combine three different milking regimes to get the best out of their cows. At the end of November, the farm had been without rain for six weeks and then there was the relief of a thunderstorm with the hope of more to come. We do it for no other reason � once a day for mating and 3in2 for condition over summer.

Their other new challenge is the assortment of cows that were bought to make up their herd when they took up the sharemilking contract.

The end result is a mix of Friesian, Jersey and crossbred cows of mixed quality which started out on a new farm in the wettest spring in decades that then turned to an early dry. In Murchison, they adopted a 3in2 milking regime over summer because they had no irrigation and wanted to keep condition on the herd through the heat.

At calving, the colostrum cows are on OAD for six days to avoid metabolic problems and it also takes the pressure off the cows as they adjust from being a dry cow to producing milk.

After those first six days, the cows are on TAD through to mating which begins on October About cows went into that herd. The theory of OAD is it takes the milking pressure off so they can recover. We focus on production until mating time and then we focus on next year.

The herd will be milked TAD through to the middle of December when they will switch to 3in2, depending on whether the crops are ready. On TAD, the cows get 5ha of grass a day and after the switch to 3in2 they drop back to 3. So the crop fills the shortfall which automatically puts them on a day round.

That, in turn, pushes grass in front of the herd for the summer. The trigger for switching to 3in2 is the crops, as they fill the gap when one paddock is taken out of the round and ensures good quality feed is going into the cows.

On 3in2, they begin by putting the cups on at 5am and then 7pm on the first day, followed by one milking the next day. As the cows get used to it, they bring the night milking forward gradually until it is 5pm. It means their staff � they have one fulltime employee and his wife does 20 hours a week as a relief milker � can head home at 2pm on that first day and come back at 6pm when it is a 7pm milking.

Whoever milks at night, gets a sleep in the next morning. The human side also benefits as everyone can head to the river in the afternoon if they want as well as getting those sleep-ins. Their 3in2 stint continues through to the beginning of April, when the herd will go on to OAD through to the end of the season.

Last year, knowing they would be carting their own young cows to a new farm, they stopped the night milking of their first calvers at the beginning of March, when the rest of the herd was still on 3in2. We dried them off 15 May because we had to truck them here and they scored 5. Their only bought-in input is 1kg of palm kernel per day per cow throughout the season.

This season they have contracted t of palm kernel and Jason says the cows benefit from the consistency of feeding it every day.

The plan is to have a manageable herd they can farm without staff and a lifestyle that suits family. So in the next few years, they will be breeding cows with udders capable of performing well with an OAD milking regime. A question of frequency Anne Hardie verbatim xtra. He concludes there is still work to be done to understand how milking frequency can be adjusted and how the ever-evolving modern cow can be bred to achieve more milk from fewer milkings.

However, marginal analysis to date shows increased profitability if productivity is maintained and costs. Less-tangible benefits come into play as well such as reduced laminitis, improved condition score and reproductive results, as well as the human cost through fewer milkings. He says there is a myriad of reasons for altering milking frequency on individual farms and sudden climatic changes can force a spot decision to move to 3in2 or OAD.

If it occurs in early lactation before Christmas, the herd can simply return to TAD if conditions improve, while if it is later in the season, remain on the reduced milkings. The benefits of OAD during this period improves cow energy status and body condition score, but only after five to six weeks from the cow first being milked OAD.

When using OAD over the mating period, Boyce says production losses will depend on the length of time on that regime and the level of feeding. Some farmers place all non-cycling cows on OAD at the start of mating, regardless of whether the cows are in good condition or not and even when feed is ideal, but he points out that some.

From observations over 17 years, he says the end of the five to six weeks of AI appears to be the earliest time in the lactation to change from TAD to 3in2 to avoid compromising production. Post AI or Christmas, OAD and 3in2 come into play to avoid hot afternoon milkings, feed challenges, cow condition, declining production, slowing grazing rotation and using summer crops.

The drop in milkings also has staff and family benefits. From observation, Boyce says farmers can expect the somatic cell count SCC to increase between 25, and , above the existing levels when switching to OAD mid-season.

Farmers switching from TAD to 3in2 at Christmas report little or no production loss and DairyNZ backs that as long as the milking interval is no more than 18 hours.

Boyce says a practical guide for choosing when to switch to 3in2 is when most of the cows are not leaking milk in the yard at the start of the morning milking.

He says it is not necessary to alter the allocated areas grazed between the milking times when on 3in2 from Christmas to March. From March onwards, the morning. This ensures the first cows milked can be sighted going to their paddock from the milking. On day two, the mid-day milking needs to be brought forward if the time between milkings becomes too long from the morning milking. He says good rostering spreads night milkings between staff and gives everyone a sleep-in on day two.

Changing the frequency of milking throughout the season reduces time spent in the dairy for the farmer, staff and cows, which Boyce says adds up to big savings compared with TAD. Extensive lactation data recorded across the Top of the South shows farms are. Boyce says the latter farms are producing at similar or better levels than they did on TAD and with to fewer milkings per year.

Farmers will continue to evolve their systems, with 3in2, OAD and TAD all playing a role and he says the benefits enhance profitability and business sustainability. Enter Jolanda Amoore, farm manager of the past four years, who has overseen and managed the revolution. The transition was steered by the Dairy One project, calling for research on reducing the environmental footprint of the farm, investigating the environmental, production and profitability of OAD milking while providing a better balance for staff and looking into the difference between three breeds of cows under the system.

North City and the science research centres operated by Massey University, Fonterra, Agresearch and a handful of others. With a daycare centre over one boundary, a cycleway being developed along the river side and the Massey traffic whizzing by the property, the social licence to farm in that fishbowl is never far from the mind of the farm manager. Breeders from Jersey NZ donated 40 of their finest cows and a further 26 heifers were bought in from Taranaki breeders, and 70 Friesian and Kiwicross were retained from the previous herd.

The aim is to fully feed them at all times of the season, but the cows inevitably lose some condition after calving, dropping to 4. Life balance While the research programme demands monthly herd testing and data collection and the day after samples are taken for other measurements, the researchers and their technicians handle the bulk of the data collection. Jolanda is the only permanent employee and 6am cups on means she is washing up by 8am.

The aside herringbone shed has no automation but has good cow flow she says. A relief milker does just that and she gets help from students during calving to help pick up calves.

She lives on the farm with her husband and daughter and enjoys the interest of having research programmes going alongside the everyday routine. She appreciates the way she can run the farm as if it is her own and most of all she loves the happy and friendly OAD cows.

She is targeting a day lactation and says while the peak can be slightly lower her cows peaked at 1. The current season has definitely not been normal, Jolanda says, with a very wet winter, making it difficult to establish crops followed by a prolonged dry spell � which has meant the turnip and rape crops are so poorly grown she envisages they will only provide a couple of weeks grazing rather than the eight weeks they would normally furnish.

The research will validate the aims of the shift from intensive high-input dairy to low-input OAD farm. She takes a lot of care over identifying cycling cows over the mating period, saying OAD cows often cycle more quickly after calving due to the reduced energy requirements from not being milked as often.

Udder health, both in terms of cell count and conformation is paramount in an OAD herd and Jolanda also takes a lot of care to pick up any signs of mastitis and makes sure she applies the correct amount of teat spray and that it actually goes on to the front teats � and is not just pointed in their general direction. Lots of importance is placed on breeding for udder conformation and she makes a list of cows to cull for poor conformation if their ligaments go after calving.

They get quite uncomfortable at the start of the lactation, but once you start breeding from the good udder cows its gets better quite quickly. Jolanda has always been hot on animal health and is a great observer of cows.

She likes to sit in the paddock with the cows pre-mating to see who is showing signs of silent heat. Since the M. CorreaLuna massey. These efficiencies will be used to adapt environmental requirements of 2. Now is the time to think about what the best strategies are for your farm if a dry period continues into February and March.

Planning early will always provide more options than having to make decisions with a short lead-in time. Nitrogen needs to be applied when there is enough soil moisture for growth, and make sure that the extra pasture grown is fully utilised.

First, prevent or minimise grazed pastures going to seed. This will help set them up for better summer growth � even under drier conditions. Nitrogen can also have a role to play. The provisos are that nitrogen needs to be applied when there is enough soil moisture for growth, and make sure that the extra pasture grown is fully utilised.

Any surplus existing pasture can also be used to extend the rotation length. This could be from paddocks that have been dropped out of the grazing round, or pastures where residuals have been higher than targeted. However, if there is not sufficient surplus pasture, the rotation length should not be extended before the dry period without the use of supplement.

Well at least as I was writing this in December. It never hurts to have a plan of what you might do should it get to that point where you need to Dairy Exporter www. For further information on successful summer management, visit www. FORSI are specialists in customised treatment systems for all types of water quality issues. With many regions affected by the weather, there would be fewer options to destock or import feed, he says.

Protecting cow condition for next season is so important. Heading into a possible dry summer, farmers needed a three-stage approach. First, they should have a basic feed budget and know what their feed supply and demand is going to be over summer. Secondly, they needed to create trigger points they would use to make decisions. Those trigger points could include pasture cover, supplement reserves, soil moisture levels or per cow production had dropped to a certain level.

Third was acting on those trigger points and doing something about it, he says. The demerit system would impact palm kernel usage and dairy farmers would need to find alternative options such as reducing stocking rates, growing more crops, or buying other types of feed in. Some farmers are already considering other crops or palm kernel blends. Leading up to Christmas the pressure had come on farmers who were opening their depleted silage reserves early, Federated Farmers dairy group chairman Chris Lewis says.

Feed supplies had been tight all season. The problem is there are thousands of other farmers with the same problems, making the same decisions every day. Farmers who would normally destock to take pressure off in the dry periods are concerned about where they would send them, he says. As the dry period. Making early decisions Dairy farmers are already making decisions around once-a-day OAD milking and early culling, BakerAg reports in Milklines, December.

Crops were also struggling with soil moisture deficits at the critical establishment phase. This would impact on yields and feed supplies. Those cows had to be identified so farmers should be herd testing and pregnancy testing early.

When cows dropped to 1. The power of plantain Large and small-scale trials are testing the merits of plantain in pasture. Anne Lee reports on work under way at Massey University. Late last year Agricom launched Ecotain � the new brand name for plantains that have the right levels of bioactive compounds to cut potential nitrate leaching.

Both Tonic plantain and AgriTonic come under the Ecotain umbrella and. Dairy Exporter, November , p Kemp says plantains are well known to have three bioactive substances in them � aucubin, acteoside and catalpol. The comparative amounts of these appear to be important in determining whether the plantain cultivar can help reduce the amount of nitrogen in cow urine.

Kemp says Massey University technician Chris Rawlingson has. She found that while catalpol levels were almost negligible, aucubin and acteoside increased significantly through the growing season, peaking in May. Although at similar levels in October, by January the levels of acteoside were almost 10 times that of aucubin. Kemp explained that by measuring ammonia production it was possible to gauge how efficient digestion was.

The more ammonia the less efficient and the more likely nitrogen was being excreted in the urine. Navarrete took rumen fluid from cows and added either chicory, which has no bioactives, or Tonic plantain, taking gas readings for the next 24 hours. Navarrete also added the amount. Gas production dropped in the chicory and also dropped in the plantain. Volatile fatty acids are produced by rumen bacteria when they digest and break down carbohydrates in plant material.

However, aucubin has been implicated in the diuretic effects. Kemp says it seems both chemicals are needed in specific amounts and it may be that getting the balance of both right is particularly important. Kemp says the Ecotain with red and white clover mix is one some farmers are using already, particularly in areas without irrigation as the Ecotain gives good summer production.

Five replicates of each pasture treatment have been set up with 0. Each has its own isolated drainage system which takes any drainage water to a collection point where the flow is subsampled and each sample collected daily. Fonterra is also analysing the milk composition from each treatment.

Sixty cows are involved in the study and are grazed on about 1ha of each pasture treatment for five to six days to acclimatise the animals before they go on to the experimental area to graze for two days each month.

This season the trial is being run in. Alongside the farmlet study nitrous oxide measures and recordings of nitrogen fractions in the soil are being measured in the non-drained area. PhD student Jimena Rodriguez is carrying out that study using urine from cows grazing plantain. Nitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas so any reductions in nitrous gas emissions could give plantain another big tick in terms of its environmental benefits.

The farmlet trial is a spinoff of work done in the Greener Pastures project funded by Callaghan Innovation. Much of the funding for the farmlet trial is coming from Massey University with some input from Fonterra.

Kemp says the next step would be to sow one treatment in an Ecotain, ryegrass, white clover mix which farmers are already adopting.

Results from the farmlet study should be available later in the year. A change in science funding policy looks likely. The new Government has said a shift is required to create a more productive economy. Adding value to dairy was mentioned.

Previously the CRIs had five-year contracts for their core funding. Collectively the CRIs employ scientists and technicians and a total of staff. But universities are involved in research of interest to the primary sector, too. While core funding is now channelled through the SSIF, there is a bewildering array of other sources of funding for scientists engaged in primary-sector research � although competition for the money is fierce.

The largest number of projects have been in dairy. Programmes are primarily businessled and market-driven aimed at boosting productivity and value across the primary industry value chain � from producer to consumer.

They require collaboration among researchers from universities and other academic institutions, CRIs. It has four funding streams: influence, leaders, seeding and strategic. The MBIE runs some initiatives through a contestable process. Coalitions of collectives may also apply. It was set up to aid research into monitoring and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from farming and forestry.

It is a partnership between leading NZ research providers who study agricultural greenhouse gases and the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium. Fully funded by the Government through the PGP, its research mainly focuses on ruminant methane, nitrous oxide, soil carbon and integrated farm systems. It also supports collectives with assets from a wide range of primary and other sectors.

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