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Question Papers. Question Papers Textbook Solutions Important Solutions Question Bank Solutions Time Tables Advertisement Remove all ads. Computer Applications. English 1 English Language. English 2 Literature in English. History and Civics. Interpretation of Topographical Maps.
Manufacturing Industries. Waste Management. Map of India. Soil Resources. Natural Vegetation. Water Resources. Mineral and Energy Resources. Name one offshore oil field of India. Chapter: [0. Give a reason for each of the following: Central Maharashtra gets less rainfall than the coastal area of Maharashtra.
What is rainwater harvesting? Give one geographical reason for each of the following: Canal irrigation is more suitable in the Northern Plains. List the problems which resulted due to indiscriminate use of resources by man.
Answer: Sustainable existence is a component of sustainable development which aims at development without damaging the environment and at the same time conserving for future generation. Therefore, resource planning is necessary for judicious, rational and equitable distribution and proper utilisation of resources. It has become essential for a sustained quality of life and global peace. Give reasons. Answer: Planning is necessary for proper and judicious utilisation of resources.
Reasons for resource planning:. Answer: There are regions which are rich or self-sufficient in certain types of resources and there are areas that are deficient or have acute shortage of some vital resources. For example:.
Justify this statement with two relevant points and an example. Through planning, regions which have shortage of vital resources and those having adequate quantities, receive equal attention.
Write four factors which determine resource development in a region. Answer: Four factors involved in the development of resources are:. Why is it necessary to conserve our resources? Give three reasons. Answer: Conservation is judicious and planned use of natural resources for sustainable benefit to the present generation.
It also maintains a potential to meet the needs and aspirations of future generations. Three reasons for conservation:.
Explain the concept of resource conservation as voiced by Gandhiji. Justify the statement by giving suitable examples. Answer: Present sources of energy in India are coal, petroleum, natural gas, solar energy, wind energy, hydel power, electricity, wood for fire, cow dung etc. Most of these are non-renewable sources of energy which may get exhausted after some time. These are available in limited quantities.
The present rate of consumption is higher than the rate at which these resources are being replenished and should be preserved for our future generations.
The total hydel power potential in India is estimated at 1,50, MW of which only one-sixth has been developed so far. Why land-use should be done in a planned manner? Write two points. Look at the picture and name three major relief features of India and their respective share in the total area. Answer: Three major relief features: 1.
Name the relief feature occupying the largest area, along with its percentage share in the total area. Name three main relief features of India and write the importance of each.
Mountains i ensure perennial flow of some rivers and many rivers rise from them. Plateaus i possess rich reserves of minerals. Look at the picture and explain the land-use pattern in India. Why has land under forest not increased much since ? Answer: The major land-use categories and their percentage share is:. The land under forests has increased marginally by about 4. From Reasons for marginal increase in forest area:. Distinguish between each of the following: a Current fallow and other than current fallow land b Waste-land and culturable waste-land c Net sown area and gross cropped area.
Answer: a Current fallow land. Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year. Other than current fallow land. Land left uncultivated for the past one to five agricultural years. It includes rocky, arid and desert areas which are lying waste at the moment. Culturable waste land. Arable land which is left uncultivated for more than five agricultural years. It is the total area under cultivation. Gross Cropped Area.
Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area. What is the reported area of India and why? Give two major reasons. Write three physical and three human factors which determine the use of land. Answer: Physical Factors:. Why are the other than current fallow-lands cultivated once or twice in about two to three years? Give two reasons.
Answer: Two reasons are:. Give two reasons for each. Net Sown Area because:. Give two considerations for this norm. Have we been able to meet this norm? We have What is land degradation? What is the area of degraded land in India? Name four types of waste-lands and their percentage share respectively. Answer: Damage to the land, bringing down its quality is called land degradation. Continuous use of land over a long period of time without taking appropriate measures to conserve and manage it, results in land degradation.
India has million hectares of degraded land. Four categories of waste-lands:. Which factor is mainly responsible for maximum land degradation in India?
States where over-grazing has resulted in land degradation are Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. Distinguish between biotic and abiotic resources by stating four points. Answer: Difference between biotic and abiotic resources. What is soil? How is it an important resource for us?
It is rich in both organic humus and inorganic materials and supports plant growth. Soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil upto a few cm in depth. It is an important resource because:. Write the main factors responsible for soil formation. Answer: Soil is a living system. It takes millions of years to form soil up to a few centimeters in depth. Factors responsible for soil formation are:.
Write four factors which are responsible for varied types of soils in India. Answer: Factors:. On what basis are soils classified into different types? Answer: Basis of classification of soils:. Name six types of soils found in India. Which is the most widely spread soil? Name one major region where it is found. Alluvial soil is the most widely spread soil. The entire northern plains are made of alluvial soil.
Answer: Coarse alluvial soil is more common in piedmont plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai. Fine alluvial soil is found in the eastern coastal plains in the deltas of Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri rivers. Classify alluvial soils on the basis of their age. Write two characteristics of each. Answer: According to their age, alluvial soils are of two types: Bangar and Khadar.
Give the distribution of alluvial soils in brief. Answer: The entire northern plains are made up of alluvial soils. Write two factors which are responsible for the formation of black soils. Name four States where they are found. Name the crop mainly grown in it.
Answer: Two factors are:. Four states in which black soils are found are: Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Black soil is ideal for growing cotton and is also called black cotton soil. In what broad category do the soils of Maharashtra fall?
What is regur soil? Write its two features. Mention any two regions where regur soil is found. Answer: Regur soil is soil which is made up of extremely fine, i. Write the distribution of red and yellow soils. Give reasons for their colour. Or How does red soil develop and in which part of India? What makes it look Important Question Of Geography 10th Class To red and yellow? Answer: In Eastern and Southern parts of Deccan plateau, red soils have developed on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall.
They are also found in parts of Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Southern parts of the middle Ganga Plains and along the piedmont zone of Western Ghats. These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks. It looks yellow when it occurs in a hydrated form.
Write four characteristics of laterite soils. Why are they called laterite? Write six states which have laterite soils and name the important crops which grow well in these soils. Crops which grow well in these soils are: tea, coffee and cashew-nuts. Write the main features of forest soils. What are the different types of soils found in the hilly forested areas? Answer: Forest soils are mainly found in the hilly and mountainous areas where sufficient rain forests are available.
The soil texture varies according to the mountain environment where they are formed. At least four types of soils can be seen in the hilly forested areas:. What is soil erosion? Write the main causes of soil erosion. Answer: The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion. The process of soil formation and erosion goes on simultaneously and generally there is a balance between the two.
This balance is sometimes disturbed, leading to soil erosion. The main activities like deforestation, over-grazing, construction and mining and also natural agents like wind, running water and glacier are the main causes of soil erosion. Explain three types of soil erosion mostly observed in India. Mention human activities that are responsible for soil erosion.
Write the land area degraded by gully erosion and name five states where gully erosion is very pronounced. Answer: Approximately 40 lakh hectares of land area has degraded due to gully erosion.
Write four methods of soil conservation. Answer: Methods of soil conservation:. Answer: Two types of renewable resources are as follows: Continuous or Flow Resources, e. Biological Resources, e. Answer: Two characteristics of non-renewable resources: They cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use. They take millions of years in their formation.
Two broad categories of non-renewable resources: Recyclable resources, e. Non-recyclable resources, e. Resources, which are owned privately by individuals, e. Plantation, pasture lands, water in wells are some resources owned by individuals. Community Owned Resources. These resources are accessible to all the members of the community, e. National Resources. All the resources within the political boundary of a nation including the territorial water oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles from the coast extending into the ocean and resources therein belong to the nation, e.
International Resources. There are international institutions which own and regulate some resources, e. Answer: Importance of resources for man: Resources are vital for human survival. They are important for maintaining the quality of life as man has been using the bio-physical environment to satisfy his needs. Natural resources form the backbone of the economy of a nation. These are the bases for economic strength and prosperity of the people.
They provide material, energy and favourable conditions for development. Answer: It has resulted in depletion of many resources. Accumulation of resources in few hands which, in turn, divided the society in two segments, i.
It has led to the global ecological crisis, e. Reasons for resource planning: Resource availability is not the same in all parts of the country. Resources, especially non-renewable resources, need extra care as they Cannot be renewed. There is acute shortage or deficiency of some resources. Resource planning helps in proper utilisation of resources by reducing wastage.
It takes care of future needs and may sustain the environment. For example: The states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh are rich in minerals and coal deposits. Arunachal Pradesh has abundance of water resources but lacks in infrastructural development. Rajasthan is very well endowed with solar and wind energy but lacks in water resources. The cold desert area of Ladakh has very rich cultural heritage.
It is deficient in water, infrastructure and some vital minerals. Such cases call for balanced resource planning at different levels. This involves surveying, mapping and the qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set up for implementing resource development plAnswer: Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plAnswer: Question There are regions which are rich in certain types of resources but are deficient in some other resources.
For example: Arunachal has abundance of water but lacks in infrastructural development.
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