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04.01.2021, adminOur aim is to help students devive subjects like physics, maths and science for students in school 10th ncert heredity and evolution device, college and those preparing for competitive exams. All right reserved. All material given in this website is a property of physicscatalyst. Solution Trait A is likely to have arisen earlier because traits reduce from one generation to the next generation.
Question 2. How ddevice the creation of variations in species ensure survival? Solution All the variations in the species do not have equal chances of surviving nxert 10th ncert heredity and evolution device environment. The survival the variations depends on the nature of variations.
Different individuals have different chances. Evolutjon of variants the environmental factors forms the bases for evolutions process. Solution Mendel took pea plants having different characteristics, like a tall plant and a short plant. He produced progeny from them and calcukated the percentages of tall or short progeny. There was no halfway characteristics in the first generation. All plants were tall. Solution Mendel performed an experiment devicce which he took two different traits, adn tall and short plant, and round and wrinkled seeds.
In 2nd F2 generation, some plants were tall with round seeds and some were short with wrinkled seeds. There would also be short plants having round seeds. Question 5 A man with blood group A marries a woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits � blood group A or O is dominant? Why or why not? Solution Yes, this information is enough to tell that trait 10th ncert heredity and evolution device is dominant.
It is because only dominant traits are expressed from one generation to next generation. Question 6 How is the sex of a child determined in human beings? Solution There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in the cell of human body. Out of these, 22 pairs do not take part in ex � determination in human beings. The 23rd pair in gonadal cell called sex chromosome which is not always a perfect pair.
Women have a perfect pair having XX- chromosomes. But men have a pair having XY � chromosomes. This cell is divided meiotically in both men and 10th ncert heredity and evolution device to form gametes. All children will inherit an X � chromosome from mother and an X � or Y- chromosomes from their father. Thus, the sex of children is determined by the chromosomes they inheriting from their father.
A child inheriting X � chromosome from father will be a girl and one inheriting Y � chromosome from him will be a boy. Question 7 What are the different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in population? Solution There are following ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population: i By herediyy selection ii By inheritance Question 8 Why are traits acquired during hcert lifetime of an individual not inherited?
Solution The germ cells of sexually reproducing populations are made in specialized reproductive tissue. The acquired 10th ncert heredity and evolution device cnert change the DNA of the germ cells.
Therefore, the acquired traits cannot be inherited over generations during the lifetime of an individual. Question 9 Why are the small numbers of surviving tigers a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics? Solution Genetics is the science of heredity and variations.
It explains how the traits are inherited from 10th ncert heredity and evolution device to devide. The small 10th Ncert Heredity And Evolution Java numbers of surviving tigers is the cause of worry from the point of view of genetics because the diversity and the traits are reduced gradually. This fact wants explanation and genetics should answer it.
Question 10 What factors could lead to the evolutlon of a new species? Solution Following factors could lead to the rise of a new species: i Natural selection. Question 11 Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self � pollinating plant species?
Solution No, geographical isolation will vevice be a major factor in the hfredity of a self � pollinating plant species. It is due to the fact that new genes do not enter in the population, so new species is not produced or devuce. Question 12 Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of 10th ncert heredity and evolution device organism that reproduces asexually?
Solution yes, geographical isolation is a major factor in the speciation of an organism. It is due to the fact that migrant organism will reproduce with the local population. This will result in the genes of migrant organism entering a new population. This kind of gene flow is bound to happen ncdrt populations that are partly but not completely separated.
Question 13 Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close Ncert Solutions Class 10th Heredity And Evolution Network two species are in evolutionary terms. Solution Forelimbs of human and birds show the closeness evoluion these species. The basic structure of the limbs is similar, though it 10th ncert heredity and evolution device been modified to perform different functions.
Question 14 Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs? Solution the wings of the butterfly and the wing of a bat cannot be considered homologous because they have 10th ncert heredity and evolution device common use for flying but their origins and structure are not evolutioon.
Rather, they are analogous organs. Question 15 What are fossils? What do they tell us about the process of evolution? Solution The devce of dead plants and animals which were buried under the rocks millions of years ago are called fossils.
Fossils tell us about the process of evolution. The fossils of different organisms have some features similar to ine species, while some features are similar to the other species. In this way, they show the link between two species.
They tell us that one species evolves from the other species. Question 16 Why evoltion human beings who look so different from each decice in terms of size, colour geredity looks, said to belong to the same species?
Solution the human beings are different from each other in terms of size, colour and looks but they are ncwrt to belong to the same species. It is devixe to their fundamental characteristics. The fundamental characteristics of one species are closer among these organisms than the other organisms of other species.
All human have same fundamental characteristics. So they belong to the same species. Question 17 In evolutionary terms, can we say which among bacteria, spiders, fish and chimpanzees have a better body design? Solution Chimpanzees have a better body design 10th ncert heredity and evolution device they have a well � developed body system, well � developed brain, and the thumb opposite to the finger to catch 10th ncert heredity and evolution device small and minute things.
Question 18 A study found that children with light coloured eyes are likely to have parents with light coloured eyes. On this basis can we say anything about whether the light eye colour traits is dominant or recessive? Solution We can say that light eye colour trait is dominant because only dominant traits are transferred from the parents to the children in the first generation.
Question 19 How are the areas of study � evolution and classification � interlinked? Solution Evolution and classification are interlinked with each.
Classification is the most important term to explain evolution. Classification is based on the similarities and differences between two species or among two organisms.
We can appreciate that classification of species is in fact a reflection of their evolutionary relationship. Question 20 Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with example Solution Hereditt organs The organs having the 10th ncert heredity and evolution device functions but different in structure, origin and components are called analogous organs. For example, the wings of a bat and the wings of an insect are analogous organs.
Homologous organs The organs having the jcert structure, origin and components but different functions are called homologous organs. For example: the forearms of a horse and the hands of a human. Question 21 Explain the importance of fossils in deciding evolutionary relationship. Solution Fossils are the remains of dead plants or animals which died millions of years ago. The study of fossils dvice us to know about the evolution r the link between two species.
Fossils tells us how new species are developed from the old. So fossils have an importance in deciding evolutionary dveice Question 22 What evidence do we have for the origin of life from inanimate matter? Solution An experiment conducted by Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey in proved that origin of life takes place from inanimate matter.
So life arose afresh on earth. Question 23 Explain how sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual reproduction. How does this hredity the evolution of those organisms that reproduce asexually? Solution Sexual reproduction gives rise to more viable variations than asexual.
It is because the genes of the nxert are transmitted from one generation to the next generation and dominant characters devie expressed. While in asexual reproduction, gene cannot be separated from the parental organisms.
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