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The Gold Rush of was sparked by the discovery of gold in early in California's Sacramento Valley. Its impact on the history of the American West during the 19th century was immense. Over the next years, thousands of gold miners traveled to California to "strike it rich," and, by the end of , the population of California had swelled by more than 86, inhabitants. The discovery of gold is attributed to James Marshall, who found flakes of gold in the American River while working for John Sutter at his ranch in northern California on January 24, Sutter was a pioneer who founded a colony he called Nueva Helvetia or New Switzerland.
This would later become Sacramento. Marshall was the construction superintendent who had been hired to build a mill for Sutter. This place would enter American lore as "Sutter's Mill. The first lucky arrivals�those who emptied out the California cities over the first few months�were able to find nuggets of gold in the stream beds. The American River and other nearby streams regularly gave up nuggets the size of pumpkin seeds, and many were as large as 7�8 ounces.
These people made quick fortunes. It was a unique time in history where individuals with literally nothing to their name could become extremely wealthy. It is no surprise that gold fever hit so heavily. The individuals who became the richest were in fact not these early miners but were instead entrepreneurs who created businesses to support all of the prospectors.
Businesses sprang up to meet the essentials this mass of humanity would need in order to live. Some of these businesses are still around today, such as Levi Strauss and Wells Fargo.
Most of the treasure seekers outside of Boat Sailing Cartoon Journal California left their homes in , once word had spread across the nation, which is why these gold hunters were called by the name 49ers. Many of the 49ers themselves picked an appropriate name from Greek mythology: Argonauts.
These Argonauts Sailing Boats For Sale Yamba Journals were in search of their own form of a magic golden fleece�wealth free for the taking. Yet the majority of those who made the long trek out West were not so lucky. It was hard work to get to Sutter's Mill: California had no roads, no ferries at river crossings, no steamships, and there were no hotels or inns on the few trails that did exist. The trek was arduous for those who came over land. Many made their journey on foot or by wagon. It could sometimes take up to nine months to get to California.
For the immigrants who came from across the ocean, San Francisco became the most popular port of call. In fact, after the early decimation, San Francisco's population exploded from about in to over 50, in The individuals who made their way out West during the Gold Rush met with numerous hardships.
After making the journey, they often found the work to be extremely hard with no guarantee of success. Further, the death rate was very high.
According to Steve Wiegard, staff writer for the Sacramento Bee , "one in every five miners who came to California in was dead within six months. An estimated 60,�70, people rushed into an area that had not long before supported 6,�7, Yaqi, Mayo, Seri, Pima and Opatas. Some Indigenous groups joined in the free-for-all but others fled the massive influx of people. America was destined to span from Atlantic to Pacific, and the accidental discovery of gold made California an even more essential part of the picture.
California was admitted as the 31st state of the Union in But what happened to John Sutter? Did he become extremely wealthy? Let's look at his account. Had I succeeded for a few years before the gold was discovered, I would have been the richest citizen on the Pacific shore; but it had to be different. Instead of being rich, I am ruined Because of the United States Land Commission proceedings, Sutter was delayed in being awarded the title to the land which he had been given by the Mexican Government.
He himself blamed the influence of squatters, people who immigrated to Sutter's lands and took up residence. The Supreme Court eventually decided that parts of the title that he did have were invalid. He died in , having fought for the rest of his life unsuccessfully for compensation. Share Flipboard Email. Martin Kelly. History Expert.
Martin Kelly, M. Updated August 05, Cite this Article Format. Kelly, Martin. The 49ers and the California Gold Rush. San Quentin: California's Oldest Prison. The 14 Best Community Colleges in California. Biography of John C. The Second Voyage of Christopher Columbus. Decade by Decade Timeline of the s. What Is Derived Demand? Definition and Examples.
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