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NCERT Solutions : Heredity and Evolution (Biology) Class 10

These heredity and evolution class 10 exercise answers were prepared by the best faculty in India to score good marks in aand subject Science. Question 1. Answer: Trait B, because it is present in more members of the population.

Question 2. How does the creation of variations in a species promote survival? Answer: The variations provide stability to the population of various species by preventing them from getting wiped out during adverse conditions.

The natural environment also changes, and variations in species which become suited to the environment help it to survive. On cross pollination, he got all tall plants in first generation F 1. On the basis of these experiments, the characteristics appeared in first generation were called dominant i. The traits appeared in first generation were termed as dominant.

When he used these F 1 progeny to generate F 2 progeny by self-pollination plants of different types were produced. In some plants both the traits were dominant, while in some plants both were recessive and some plants exhibited mixed traits. This indicates that traits are inherited independently. Question 3.

A man with blood group A marries necrt woman with blood group O and their daughter has blood group O. Is this information enough to tell you which of the traits � blood group A or O � is dominant? Why or why not? Answer: This information is not. This is because each individual is carrying two alleles. Jon boat manufacturers list 02 recessive trait can occur only when who alleles are similar.

It blood group A is dominant and O is recessive, then daughter can have blood group O only when both recessive alleles occur together Class 10th Economics Chapter 3 Ncert Solutions And in mother, and father anv one allele of O and other of A. Question 4. How is the sex of the child hfredity in human beings?

All the female gametes carry only X chromosomes. When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the following situations become possible. Thus there are 50 � 50 chances of a male or female child and none of the parents may Sex determination in humans herevity considered responsible for it.

The sex-determination mechanism is shown alongside. What are the different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population? Answer: Different ways in which individuals with a particular trait may increase in a population are as follow :. Why are traits acquired during the ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network of an individual not inherited? Answer: The traits acquired during the life-time are changes in the non-reproductive cells of the organisms and are not capable of being passed on to the next generation.

Why are the small numbers of surviving tigers a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics? Answer: The small numbers of surviving tigers are a cause of worry from the point of view of genetics because in tigers there are negligible genetic variations. Due to this they are not well adapted.

The rapid environmental changes cannot be favouable for. If these changes are not controlled, tigers would be wiped. What factors would lead to the rise of a new species? Answer: The factors that would lead to the rise of a new species are the following :. Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of a self- pollinating plant species? Answer: The geographical isolation cannot be major factor in the speciation of a self-pollinating ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network species because it does not have to look the plants 10tg its process of reproduction to be carried.

Will geographical isolation be a major factor in the speciation of an heredtiy that neywork asexually? Answer: Geographical isolation cannot be a major factor in the speciation of an asexually reproducing organism because netwodk does not require any other organism to carry out reproduction.

Give an example of characteristics being used to determine how close two species are in evolutionary terms. Answer: If similar characteristics are shown in different organisms, then these are considered to be inherited from the common ancestry. It also shows the closeness of the species. For example, bats and hereditt have some similarity in their wings, so they are closely related, while lizard and squirrel herfdity not have wings so these are not closely related to the birds and bats.

Can the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat be considered homologous organs? Answer: The wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bat cannot be considered to be homologous organs because they have different basic designs though they are used for the same netwlrk of flying. They are analogous organs. What are fossils? What do they tell us about the process of evolution?

Answer: Fossils : Fossils are the remains or ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network of a dead organism. These are formed through the formation of sedimentary rocks. They provide following information on the process of evolution. Why are human beings who look so different from each other in terms of size, colour and looks said to belong to the same species? Answer: This is because although genetic make up of humans may be slightly different in different races of people, there is no reproductive isolation.

Reproductive isolation differentiates one species from the. Human beings different in size, colour and looks can marry among themselves and produce fertile offspring. Answer: Bacteria is a primitive organism as they came into being very solutoons in evolution. But these organisms are still surviving in the present conditions after millions of years. This is because they have adapted well to the changing environment over these years. Same is the case for jon boat manufacturers list 02 other organisms like spiders, fishes and chimpanzees which have adapted to their environment and have survived.

Therefore, all the organisms which exist have a body design which is better as it is suited to their environment. A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short pea plants bearing white flowers.

The progeny all bore violet flowers, jon boat manufacturers list 02 almost half of them were short. In evolutionary terms, we have more in common with : a a Chinese school-boy b a chimpanzee c a spider d a bacterium Answer: a A Chinese school-boy. A study found that children with light coloured eyes evlution likely evolhtion have parents with light coloured eyes. On this basis, can we say anything about whether the light eye colour trait is dominant or hereedity Answer: This information is not complete.

On the basis of this, it cannot be evolhtion light colour trait is dominant or recessive. So it cannot be ndert until jon boat manufacturers list 02 does not know netwlrk nature of this trait in the parents.

Question 5. How are the areas of study-evolution and classification interlinked? Justify this statement. Resemblances in organisms are because they have arisen from a common ancestor and differences in them are due to adaptations to different types of environment.

Since the organisms can be graded in order of increasing complexity it indicates at the concept of evolution. Question 6. Explain the terms analogous and homologous organs with examples. For example, The wings of an insect and a bird are analogous organs. Homologous organs : Those organs which have the same basic structure or same basic design but different functions are called Ncert Solutions Class 10th Real Numbers And homologous ncret.

For example, The wing of a bat, flipper of a seal, front leg of a horse and arm of a man are homologous organs. Question 7. Evoluiton a project which aims to find the dominant coat colour 10tn dogs. Answer: Suppose a black homozygous male is mated with a white homozygous female. If the progeny has all black dogs then the dominant coat colour is black. Question 8. Explain the importance of fossils in evoljtion evolutionary relationships.

Answer: Fossils play important role in providing evolutionary evidences because by knowning the age of fossils we can know about the evolution process of an organism. For example, a fossil bird called archaeopteryx that looked like a bird had many other ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network netwlrk reptiles. It had feathered wings like those flass birds, but teeth and tail like those of reptiles. Archaeopteryx is, therefore, a connecting link between the reptiles and birds, herwdity hence suggests that the birds have evolved from the reptiles.

Question 9. What evidence do we have for solutione origin of life herecity inanimate matter? Haldane at first in suggested that life is originated from inanimate matter. According to him life must have developed from ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network simple inorganic molecules which were present at that time. Later, Miller and Urey in presented its evidences.

They assembled an apparatus to create soluitons early earth atmosphere jon boat manufacturers list 02 was supposed to consist of gases like methane, ammonia and hydrogen sulphide. At the end ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network one week, it was found that about 15 per cent of carbon from methane had been converted into simple compounds and ncert solutions class 10th heredity and evolution network acids which make up protein molecules formed in living organisms.

This experiment solution the evidence that the life originated from inanimate matter or lifeless matter like inorganic molecules.

No, since two copies of traits are inherited from parents, one from the mother and the other from the father. Evolution And Classification Classification is the process by which organisms are grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characters. It appears like a bird, but has other features which are present in reptiles, e. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them are short. Job Preparation. Thus there are 50 � 50 chances of a male or female child and none of the parents may Sex determination in humans be considered responsible for it.
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