Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 7 Read,Party Lights For Boats Usa,Strip Plank Canoe Kit Windows - How to DIY
05.01.2021, adminA reflex action is voluntary action which is a rapid and automatic response to stimuli while walking is a voluntary action which requires our thinking and in our control.
A synapse is the gap between ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read two neurons. At synapse the electrical signals converted into chemicals that can easily cross over the gap and pass on to the next neurons where it again converted into electrical signals.
When the smell of the incense stick reaches to our nose then the olfactory receptors present in our nose detects it send this information in fore brain in the form of electrical signals. Fore brain interprets this information as the smell of incense stick where it is already stored. Brain has no direct involvement in reflex action. It is mainly controlled by Spinal Cord as these action not requires thinking and are very quick action.
Plant hormones are the ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read which are secreted within the plant also known as phytohormones. Plant hormones regulate the growth and development of the plant. Ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read of plant hormones are auxin, gibberellins.
How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light? The movements of the leaves of the sensitive plant are touch sensitive and independent of growth while the movement of the shoot towards light is growth related and known as phototropism. When tendrils come in contact with any support, the part of the tendril in contact with the object does not grow as rapidly as the part of the tendril away from the object.
This is caused by the action of auxin hormone. Less auxin occurs on the side of contact as compared to the free side as a result, auxin promotes growth on the free side and the tendrils coil around the support.
Take two small beakers and label them as A and B. Fill beaker A with water. Now make a cylindrical-shaped roll from a filter paper and keep it as a bridge between beaker A and beaker B, as shown in the figure. Attach few germinating seeds in the middle of the filter paper bridge. Now, cover the entire set-up with a transparent plastic container so that the moisture is retained. Observation: The roots of the germinating seeds will grow towards beaker A.
Chemical coordination takes place in animals with the help of hormones. Hormones are the chemical fluids that are secreted by the glands of the endocrine. Hormones regulate the overall growth and development of the animals. Iodine stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxin hormone. It regulates carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in our body. Deficiency of this hormone results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland.
This can lead to goitre, a disease characterized by swollen neck. Therefore, iodised salt is advised for normal functioning of the thyroid gland. When someone is in danger or in emergency then adrenal gland secrete adrenaline hormone.
It is secreted directly into the blood and is transported to different parts of the body. It speeds up the heartbeat and hence supplies more oxygen to the muscles. This results in increasing breathing rate and blood pressure which enable them to fight with such urgent situation.
Diabetes is caused due to less or no secretion of hormone insulin by pancreas. In such a person, blood sugar level is high. Insulin converts extra sugar present in blood into glycogen. Thus, patients suffering from diabetes are given insulin injection to control their blood sugar level. Which of the following is a plant ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read The gap between two neurons is called a a dendrite.
The brain is responsible for a thinking. What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise? When the receptors are damaged, the external stimuli transferring signals to the brain are not felt.
For example, in the ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read of damaged receptors, if we accidentally touch any hot object, then our hands might get burnt as damaged receptors cannot perceive the external stimuli of heat and pain.
Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function. It is mainly concerned with the maintenance and growth. The growth movement in plants in response to light stimulus is known as phototropism. The shoots show positive phototropism and the roots show negative phototropism. This means that the shoots bend towards the source of light whereas the roots bend away from the light source.
For Example: The flower head of sunflower is positively phototropic and hence it moves from east to west along with the sun. In case of the spinal cord injury, Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 3 File the signals coming from the nerves ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read well as the signals coming to the receptors will be disrupted. As both these signals meet in a bundle in spinal cord so there is any spinal cord injury then both these signals are disrupted.
Chemical coordination occurs in plants with the help of plant hormones. Different plant hormones help to coordinate growth, development, and responses to the environment. They are synthesized at places away from where they act and diffuse to the area for action, For example, auxin promotes cell growth, gibberellins promote stem growth, cytokinins promote cell division and abscisic acid inhibits growth and its effects include wilting of leaves.
There are various organs in an organism. These organs must be carefully controlled and coordinated for the survival of an organisms. In the body of an organism various fluids are secreted from the glands of the endocrine. These hormones are responsible for the overall growth and development of an organism. All others daily decision that includes voluntary and involuntary action are controlled by central nervous system CNS.
Involuntary action is the set of muscle movement which do not require thinking. But it is controlled by brain for example beating of heart beat while on the other hand, the reflex action is rapid and spontaneous action in response to any stimulus.
For example closing of eyes immediately when bright light is focused. Compare and contrast nervous and hormonal mechanisms for control and Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 12 Instrument coordination in animals. What is the difference between the manner in which movement takes place in a sensitive plant and the movement in our legs? Your email address will not be published. This site ncert solutions for class 10th science chapter 7 read Akismet to reduce spam.
Learn how your comment data is processed. Madhusmita October 21, Reply. Really helpful �. Add a Comment Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. The movement in a sensitive plant is a response to stimulus touch which is a involuntary action.
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In this the terminal parts of tendrils move in all directions. Wherever they come in contact with a support, they stop performing cicumnutation. Instead, the contacted region shows little growth while the other side grows rapidly so that the tendril coils over the support. Name the nervous system which controls the functioning of internal organs.
How does this system work? Answer: Autonomous or visceral nervous system. The system does not consult the will of the individual. It works on its own inputs. Autonomous nervous system consists of only motor nerve fibres that innervate all organs and glands of the body. Depending upon the input, autonomous nervous system stimulates, slows down or stops the activity of an organ. For its working, autonomous or visceral nervous system has two components, sympathetic and parasympathetic.
Sympathetic nervous system originates from thoracico-lumbar region, forms two ganglionic chains which send out long nerve fibres to various organs. The sympathetic nerve fibres activate the organs by release of nor-adrenaline.
Parasympathetic nervous system is called cranio-sacral as it originates from some cranial and sacral nerves. It has long preganglionic fibres and ganglia attached to organs that are innervated.
Its post ganglionic fibres secrete acetylcholine Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 4 Number into organs for moderating or reducing their activity. Which system is working when you start sweating during exercise? What is its function? Answer: Reflex activity of the nervous system. It is automatic, involuntary and spontaneous response to a stimulus without consulting the will of the individual. Exercise increases body temperature.
This can be harmful. Reflex action stimulates the sweat glands for releasing their secretion. Part of the sweat evaporates and cools, down the body. You can become moody by simply switching on night bulb daily. How can this happen? Answer: Night bulb reduces the secretion of melatonin hormone. Melatonin controls our day-night or circadian rhythm, healthy digestive and immune system, sexual cycle and moods.
A reduced secretion causes insomnia and mood changes besides affecting health of our digestive and immune system. Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction to plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals, nervous system; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.
Question 1 What is the function of receptors in our body? Solution: Receptors are usually located in our sense organs, such as the inner ear, the nose, the tongue, and so on. So gustatory receptors will detect taste while olfactory receptors will detect smell. Question 2 Draw the structure of neuron and explain its function. Solution: The specialised tips of some nerve cells detect all information from our environment.
These receptors are usually located in our sense organs, such as the inner ear, the nose, the tongue, and so on. This information, acquired at the end of the dendritic tip of a nerve cell, sets off a chemical reaction that creates an electrical impulse.
This impulse travels from the dendrite to the cell body, and then along the axon to its end. At the end of the axon, the electrical impulse sets off the release of some chemicals. These chemicals cross the gap, or synapse, and start a similar electrical impulse in a dendrite of the next neuron.
This is a general scheme of how nervous impulses travel in the body. A similar synapse finally allows delivery of such impulses from neurons to other cells, such as muscles cells or gland. It is thus no surprise that nervous tissue is made up of an organized network of nerve cells or neurons, and is specialised for conducting information via electrical impulses from one part of the body to another.
Question 3 How does phototropism occur in plants? Solution: Phototropism is a growth movement induced by a light stimulus. Growth towards a source of light is called positive phototropism, that away from the source is termed negative phototropism. The tips of shoots are usually positively, that of roots negatively phototropic.
Charles Darwin and his son Francis discovered in that the phototropic stimulus is detected at the tip of the plant. The Darwins used grass seedlings for some of their experiments.
When grass seeds germinate, the primary leaf pierces the seed coverings and the soil while protected by the coleoptile, a hollow, cylindrical sheath that surrounds it.
Once the seedling has grown above the surface, the coleoptile stops growing and the primary leaf pierces it. The Darwins found that the tip of the coleoptile was necessary for phototropism but that the bending takes place in the region below the tip. If they placed an opaque cover over the tip, phototropism failed to occur even though the rest of the coleoptile was illuminated from one side.
However, when they buried the plant in fine black sand so that only its tip was exposed, there was no interference with the tropism � the buried coleoptile bent in the direction of the light. From these experiments, it seemed clear that. Question 4 How does chemical coordination occur in plants? Solution: It has been found that the growth of plants is regulated by certain chemical substances which are synthesized by the plants in very small amounts.
These are known as plant hormones or phytohormones. They are the organic substances which either promote or inhibit growth. A phytohormones can be defined as a chemical substances which are produced naturally in plants and are capable of translocation and regulating one or more physiological processes when present in low concentration.
Main categories of plant hormones are:. Auxins and Gibberellins stimulate cell elongations, cytokinins stimulate cell division ethylene promotes transverse or isodiametric growth and abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor.
Question 5 What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism? Solution: Co-ordination in this sense refers to the regulation or control of body activity.
Plants need very little in the way of a control system. Since growth and reproduction are about the only things that are regulated, a rapid control system is not required and hormonal control is all they possess. Animals are continually moving through new environments that may pose all types of changes and threatening situations to the organism.
This requires the rapid and precise control of a nervous system. Hormones regulate slower activities, such as growth, development and reproduction. Question 6 How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other? Solution: All reflex actions are involuntary in nature but all involutary actions are not reflexes as the beating of heart is an involuntary action but is not reflex action. Reflex actions are very quick but all involutary actions may not be very fast as in heart beating.
A reflex action may involve any muscle or a gland as we withdraw our hand on touching a hot object but all involuntary actions involve only smooth i. Reflex actions are at the level of spinal cord whereas the involuntary actions generally involve brain too. Nerves and autonomious nervous system can increase or decrease the rate of involuntary actions but reflex actions can be controlled by great will only and are not usually controllable.
Reflex actions are done to meet emergencies where as an inv. What is the correct direction of flow of electrical impulses? Three directions in which nerve impulses can travel in the nervous system are listed below: i Away from the central nervous system ii Towards the central nervous system iii Within the central nervous system In which direction do impulses in sensory and relay intermediate neurons travel?
Answer: d Sensory neuron transmits impulses towards CNS, i. In a nerve pathway, the following events take place in a coordinated order. Thus, the correct sequence is ii , iv , iii and i.
The diagram shows a section of the brain and different parts labelled as W,X, Y and Z. Study the figure and correlate the regions which control balance, heart rate and temperature in human body? Answer: b Out of the options given, the region X, i. Which of the following endocrine glands is unpaired? Testes are paired glands present in males and secrete male sex hormone. Pituitary gland is present just below the brain and is unpaired.
It is also called master gland as it secretes a number of hormones. Ovaries are paired glands present in females and secrete female sex hormones.
Dramatic changes of body features associated with puberty are mainly because of secretion of [NCERT Exemplar] a oestrogen from testes and testosterone from ovary b oestrogen from adrenal gland and testosterone from pituitary gland c testosterone from testes and oestrogen from ovary d testosterone from thyroid gland and oestrogen from pituitary gland Answer: c.
Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another.
The neural system provides an organised network of point-to-point connections for a quick coordination. The endocrine system provides chemical integration through hormones. They are specialized for conducting information via electrical impulses from one part of the body to another. Plants have neither nervous system nor muscles. Their movements or responses are either growth dependent or growth independent.
The plants also use electrical-chemical means to convey information from cell to cell, but unlike in animals, there is no specialised tissue in plants for the conduction of information. Secondly, plant cells change shape by changing the amount of water in them, resulting in swelling or shrinking. In contrast, animal muscle cells have special proteins that change both their shape and their arrangement in the cell in response to nervous electrical impulses.
The movement of a plant in response to the stimulus is called as tropism. The movement in the direction of the response is called as positive tropism and movement away from the stimulus is termed as negative tropism.
The timing and amount of hormone released are regulated by feedback mechanisms Examples:. If you have any question or doubt related to this article, drop your comments in the comment box below and we will get back to you as soon as possible.
Answer: Reflex action Walking 1. It is the action which is performed automatically. It is a response to the information transmitted by nerve to muscles of the legs.
In this case, thinking is involved. It is controlled and coordinated by spinal cord. Brain instructs and controls leg muscles to move. It is an involuntary action. It is a voluntary action. Page Number: Question 1 What are plant hormones? Answer: Movement of leaves of sensitive plant Movement of a shoot towards light 1.
It is a nastic movement which does not depend on the direction of stimulus applied. It is a tropic movement which depends on the direction of stimulus applied. The stimulus is touch. The stimulus is light. It is caused by the sudden loss of water from the swellings at the base of leaves.
It is caused by the unequal growth on the two sides of the shoot. It is not a growth movement. It is a growth movement. Question 3 Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes growth. Answer: Auxin. Page Number: Question 1 How does chemical coordination take place in animals?
Answer: Involuntary actions Reflex actions 1. Those actions which occur immediately without any thinking are called involuntary actions. Reflex action is an immediate response to an event which does not require any processing by brain. Involuntary actions are controlled by mid and hind brain.
Example: Breathing, beating of heart, etc. Reflex actions are controlled by spinal cord. Example: Sneezing, coughing, etc. Answer: Nervous mechanism Hormonal mechanism It is a fast process. It is a slow process. Arteries and glands are affected.
It affects the target organ. It transmits in electrochemical form. It transmits in chemical form. It does not control metabolism. It controls metabolism. Growth Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 13 Student is not affected. Growth is affected. Answer: Movement in a sensitive mimosa plant Movement in legs of a human 1. The leaves of a sensitive plant like mimosa are sensitive to touch. Leg is in control of nerve muscles. It is not controlled by any part of the plant. It is controlled by brain and spinal cord.
In this, cells change their shape on changing the amount of water in them. Amount of water has no effect on the movement of muscles. The movement in a sensitive plant are nastic movement. The movement in our leg is due to voluntary nervous system. Or How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support?
Answer: Pancreas produces two hormones Insulin from P-cells of islet of Langerhans and Glucagon from a- cells of islets of langerhans. Question 7. Which part acquires the information in the neuron?
Through which part does the information travel? In what form does this information travel? Where is the impulse converted into a chemical signal for onward transmission?
Dandrite to cell body or cyton to axon. Electrical impulse In the region of synapse. It controls Basal metabolic rate Metabalism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins Consumption of energy in physical activity and body temperature Development and differentiation. Question 8. Give one example each of a plant hormone that promotes growth inhibits growth. Hormone That Promotes Growth. Hormone That Inhibits Growth. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction to plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals, nervous system; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.
From these experiments, it seemed clear that The stimulus light was detected at one location the tip The response bending was carried out at another the region of elongation.
This implied that the tip was, in some way, communicating with the cells of the region of elongation. Main categories of plant hormones are: Auxins Gibberellins Cytokinins Ethylene Abscisic acid Auxins and Gibberellins stimulate cell elongations, cytokinins stimulate cell division ethylene promotes transverse or isodiametric growth and abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor.
Dramatic changes of body features associated with puberty are mainly because of secretion of [NCERT Exemplar] a oestrogen from testes and testosterone from ovary b oestrogen from adrenal gland and testosterone from pituitary gland c testosterone from testes and oestrogen from ovary d testosterone from thyroid gland and oestrogen from pituitary gland Answer: c Gland Hormone Function Testes only in males Testosterone To control the development of male sex organs and male features such as deep voice, etc.
Ovaries only in females Oestrogen To control the development of female sex organs and female features such as soft skin, etc. Progesterone To control uterus changes during menstrual cycle and helps in maintenance of pregnancy. Class 10 Science Control and Coordination Mind Map Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another. These fibres transmit impulses towards the cell body.
Axon is a long fibre, the distal end of which is branched and forms nerve ending. Nerve endings possess synaptic vesicles containing chemicals called neurotransmitters. Transmission of impulses: Stimulus or information from the environment is detected by specialized tips of some nerve cells called as receptors.
Dendritic tip acquire all these information and sets off a chemical reaction. This chemical reaction then creates an electric impulse that travels from the dendrite to the cell body, and then along the axon to its end. At the end of the axon, the electrical impulse sets off the release of some chemicals neurotransmitters.
The nerve fibres of PNS are of two types: cranial nerves arising from the brain and spinal nerves arising from the spinal cord. Brain It is the main coordinating centre of the body.
The bra in and spinal cord constitute the CNS. They receive information from al 1 parts of the body and integrate it. The brain is located in bony box called as cranium or skull which protects the brain. Chemical Reactions and Equations chapter explains the concepts related to chemical reactions and equations.
Here, you will know different types of reactions taking place in the surrounding. Some important topics explained in this chapter are:. Acids, Bases and Salts chapter mainly explains the difference between acids, bases and salts. It also deals with various types of reactions related to these three forms of chemical compounds. Some important topics involved in this chapter are:.
Important topics covered in this chapter are:. Carbon and its Compounds chapter describes various features of carbon element and different compounds formed by it. Give below are the main topics covered in class 10 Science Chapter Here students get to learn the carious concepts related to the classification of elements. Some major concepts discussed in this chapter are:.
Life Processes chapter deals with the various biological processes and reaction taking place in organisms. Some major topics covered in this chapter are:. Control and Coordination chapter gives details of different ways in which organisms respond to the stimuli. Here you also get to know about the human nervous system, automatics and voluntary actions, exocrine and endocrine glands, etc.
How do Organisms Reproduce chapter students get to learn different methods of reproduction in plants and animals and get aware of the various methods of birth control in humans. Some of the important topics discussed in this chapter are:. Heredity And Evolution chapter deals with the details related to heredity and evolution of different species. Go through the major topics mentioned below:.
Light Reflection and Refraction explains the concepts of reflection and refraction of light. Some important topics to learn from this chapter are:.
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