Wood Boat Construction Terms,Fishing Boats For Sale Europe Rating,Riviera Boats Models Journal - Easy Way
07.04.2021, adminAt all times check a incident of a trailer's elements wood boat construction terms well as apparatus. troublesome finding out conxtruction the correct set of sculling oars will price. ESquare218 writes: As the chairman who's latest to woodworking (somewhat over the yr), preserving a section energized upon pale days, as well as building a whole techniques as well as revive options. Kayaks have been shaped to come behind to the grade during a crawl constguction well as unrelenting though have been shallower as wood boat construction terms as narrower than canoes.
Lastly in this step I shaped the top of the stem and put in a small Wood Boat Construction Terms Meaning peg to use as a tie point. I cut two basic seats to be placed on the rail. The middle seat had a support that went from the chine to the seat. Both seats had a small vertical post installed in the middle attached to the keel to help stop flexing. The pictures below show how I made the cardboard template for the seat support before doing the final in wood.
My last piece of wood work was two v shaped pieces of ply - one each side of the centre of the transom to make it stronger and thicker to support an out board motor. I had to cut it so it went around the heel between the keel and transom. All the screw countersinks etc we plugged with epoxy.
In preparation for this I patched the top of every screw with expoy putty and sanded them flat. I patched and sanded everything I could With the boat upside down.. The epoxy resin was mixed and applied with brushes and rollers to the entire outside of the hull. It Wood Boat Construction Terms Data took about 20 min to get all of the glass saturated until transparent.
The resin started to go off after about 30 min. By the next morning it was hard.. WIth appropriate breathing and lung protection I sanded and sanded and sanded.. Inside and out.. I applied a couple of coats for white exterior house paint as an undercoat and kept on sanding, mostly by hand and with an orbital sander..
I used one of the modern acrylic enamel paints designed for exterior use. The colour scheme was based on the paint I had in my shed. The paint cured for about 2 weeks until it was nice and hard Prior to the final coat though we threw it into a swimming pool for a floatation test..
I fitted the boat out with rowlocks, rope guides etc.. These were just screwed on to the gunwales with stainless steel wood screws I registered the boat. IT works well under power or just rowing. It is light enough for my son and I to carry it down a beach. I've read through your instructions and they all seem very clear.
I do have a few questions though. I was extremely fascinated by your project on building a wooden boat from scratch and I had a few questions to ask you, if that is ok. First off I should say this inspired me to take on this challenge myself and also to write about this process for my A level Use of Maths Course work.
The first question I would like to ask is roughly how long did each of the steps take to complete the job and overall how long did the job take. This will help me understand and write about the time scale of the job at hand, which is one of the tasks I need to complete.
Secondly how many workers did it take to complete the job. Reply 3 years ago. Hi and thanks for the questions. It was a long time ago now, but the whole project took about 4 months of very part time work.. In planning the boat I found some great resources for boat building. One thing I didn't calculate well on this boat was the buoyancy.. Also If you don't have one already I'd recommend a planimeter.
I got a cheap vintage one on eBay now and it works well. Hi I used a number of references.. I strongly recommend it. Small Boat Design and Construction. Hi I'm sorry this is so late.. The base of the ribs was made from cut down floor boards that were 18mm X 60mm. The sides of the ribs started at 60mm and tapered to about 45mm.. Thank you.
Hi great build I'm wondering what size motor you have my great uncle gave me a Johnson 6hp outboard motor here's a pic that I have found online the casing on mine is a navy blue the last to are of the starting coils which were replaced. Reply 7 years ago on Introduction. Great journal! And I also love that you built this in the living room.
I could never pull that off but sure would love to try it! Have you run into any issues with the old floor board wood getting exposed to water or just being outside a lot? Nice looking boat too. Reply 8 years ago on Introduction. Thanks for the comment. I got the floor boards from a few places. We did a recent renovation to our house so the majority came from that project. Some were new off cuts but the majority were old.
I also got some timber from new house being built across the road. Being old the wood was very dry and stable.. They have performed well- But I dont think water has ever touched them because they are encased in epoxy which keeps them in their own micro environment. The timber for the keel and seats was purchased. Wow, the living room!
That is a family affair. Glad you didn't have the old built-it-and-can't-get-it-out-the-door problem some have. That was a cleaning nightmare. I cannot imagine what your wife put up with. How much could you sell a boat like that for? Reply 8 years ago on Step Back Types View All. Unpowered Boats Kayaks Dinghies. Personal Watercraft Personal Watercraft. Back Research. Reviews Boats Engines and Parts. How-to Maintenance Buying and Selling Seamanship. Back Services. Boats PWCs. Boats for Sale View All.
Or select country. Search Advanced Search. Personal Watercraft for Sale View All. Capstan [Capstern]. A spool-shaped vertical cylinder, mounted on a spindle and bearing, turned by means of levers or bars; used for moving heavy loads, such as hoisting anchors, lifting yards, or careening vessels.
To deliberately list a vessel so that part of its bottom was exposed for caulking, cleaning, repairing, etc. Carling [Carline] Figs. G-7a � G-7d. Fore-and-aft deck timbers set between the deck beams to stiffen them and support the ledges. Carrick bitt Fig. An upright timber supporting the shaft of a windlass; also called a carrick head or windlass bitt. Carvel-built Fig.
Planked so that the seams were smooth, or aligned, as opposed to clinker-built. Cathead Fig. A beam, or crane, projecting from the bow and used for hoisting the anchor clear of the bow after it had surfaced.
Decks and other appointments; a composite sketch, not representative of a particular vessel. Deck framing and details. The inboard end of a cathead.
Caulk [Calk]. To drive oakum, moss, animal hair, or other fibrous material into the seams of planking and cover it with pitch to make the seams watertight. See also luting. Caulking batten [Caulking lath]. A thin wooden strip used to close caulked seams and hold the caulking material in place.
See also Ribband carvel. Caulking iron Fig. A chisel-shaped tool used to drive caulking into seams. Caulking mallet Fig. A short-handled mallet used to strike caulking irons. Ceiling Fig. G-5 , nos. The internal planking of a vessel.
A wooden or iron plate that could be raised and lowered within a watertight housing called the trunk ; the trunk was built over a slot in the keel or in the hull bottom next to the keel. Centerboards increased lateral resistance and therefore reduced leeway when tacking or sailing off the wind. Chamfer [Beveled edge] Fig. The flat, sloping surface created by slicing the edge off a timber. Channel [Chain wale]. A thick, horizontal plank projecting from the side of a vessel and used to support the shrouds and keep them clear of the bulwarks.
Channel wale. A wale, or belt of wales, located at the line of the channels, to which the chains of the shrouds were fastened. Charley Nobel Fig. The chimney, or flue, of the galley hearth or stove. Chase port. A gunport placed in the bow or stern to accommodate fore-and-aft mounted guns. Cheek [Cheek knee] Fig. On later vessels, a knee or brace between the side of the bow and the knee of the head; on ancient warships, a protuberance at the side of the stem against which the side planking was stopped.
The angular junction of the bottom and side of a vessel; usually found on flat-bottomed hulls, or those with little deadrise. Can also refer to a longitudinal timber located just inside the junction, to which athwartships bottom planks are fastened. Chock Figs. An angular block or wedge used to fill out areas between timbers or to separate them; chocks were used to fill out deadwoods and head knees, separate frames and futtocks, etc.
A term applied variously to pump wells or to collecting basins at the discharge ends of pumps. Clamp Fig. A thick ceiling strake used to provide longitudinal strength or support deck beams; clamps were often located directly opposite the wales and acted as internal wales; a clamp that supported a deck beam was called a shelf clamp.
Clench [Clinch] Fig. To secure a nail or bolt by bending or flattening its projecting end over the surface it last penetrated; a nail whose tip and shaft were both clenched is said to be double-clenched, as in the fastening of ancient ship frames and planks.
Clinker-built [Clincher-built, Clencher-built]. A vessel constructed so that its outer planking overlaps, and is fastened to, the plank immediately below it. Where planks overlap the ones above them there have been no European vessel finds to support this alleged method , the procedure is known as reverse clinker.
The surface of a plank overlapped by a neighbor is called a land , and this double thickness is normally held together with closely spaced rivets or nails clenched over metal washers called roves. Coak Figs. G-9m and G-9n. A rectangular or cylindrical pin let into the ends or seams of timbers about to be joined in order to align or strengthen the union.
Coaming [Combing] Fig. A raised border at the edge of a hatch whose function was to prevent water from entering the space below. On yachts, the well from which the vessel is directed. Common ceiling Fig. The ordinary ceiling used to prevent cargo and ballast from falling between the frames; common ceiling was usually made from relatively thin planking and seldom contributed longitudinal strength to the hull structure.
Compass timber [Compassing]. Naturally curved timbers used for frames and construction in the ends of a hull. Copper-bottomed [Coppered]. A vessel whose bottom was sheathed in copper to prevent fouling and worm infestation. Counter Fig. Technically, the transverse section between the bottom of the stern and the wing transom. However, many documents and drawings refer to the counter as the entire transverse area between the top of the sternpost and the rail or taffrail.
Counter timbers Figs. Ga � Gc. Vertical timbers framing the counter. An English translation of an old Norse term denoting the elongated mast steps on Viking vessels. Crossbeam Fig. A substantial timber placed across a pair of bitts. Crotch [Crotch timber]. A V-shaped or Y-shaped frame or floor timber made from the crotch of a tree; usually mounted on the keel or deadwood in the ends of a vessel.
Crow [Crow bar] Fig. A strong iron bar, pointed or chisel-shaped at one end, used for prying or moving heavy timbers. Crutch Figs. G-3 and Ga. A bracing timber used to prevent a mast step from shifting laterally; also, a curved or angular timber, similar to a breast hook and used for a similar purpose in the lower part of the stern. On modern vessels, a support for booms at rest. The union of two planks or timbers whose ends were canted in the shapes of reverse curves.
Cutting-down line. The elevations of the tops of the floor timbers and deadwoods; in most cases, the curved line formed by the bottom of the keelson, stemson, and sternson. Cutwater Fig. The forwardmost part of the stem; the stem piece or nosing that parts the water. Dagger knee Figs. A knee set angularly on the inside of the hull; a knee that is neither vertical or horizontal. Dagger piece. Any piece of timber, but usually a frame timber, mounted at an angle to the vertical or horizontal planes.
Dead flat. The flat part of the hull in the area of the midship frame; generally, the widest part of the hull, which separated the forward part from the after part. Deadrise Fig. The amount of elevation, or rising, of the floor above the horizontal plane; the difference between the height of the bilge and the height of the keel rabbet.
Deadwood Fig. See also Rising wood. Deadwood knee Fig. A knee placed within the deadwood to support the sternpost. Deck hook. A breast hook placed beneath a deck to support it at or near the stem. Deck transom Fig. A transom that supported the after ends of deck planks. Depth of hold. The distance between either the bottom of the main deck or the bottom of its beams and the limber boards, measured at the midship frame.
Diagonal braces. Pillars or posts set angularly in the hull to stiffen it; although used in pairs, they differed from cross pillars in that each brace occupied only one side of the hull. Diagonal framing. Frames or riders placed diagonally over the regular frames or ceiling to provide additional stiffening to a hull. Diagonal scarf [Diagonal butt] Fig. An angular junction of two planks or timbers. Diminishing strakes Fig. Belts of outer planking above and below the wales that were successively reduced in thickness, providing a more gradual transition from the protrusion of the wales to the thickness of the side planking.
A vessel whose bow and stern have approximately the same horizontal shape, such as rounded, pointed, or square ends. Double framing Fig. A general term signifying frames composed of two rows of overlapping futtocks.
Dowel [Dowel pin] Fig. A cylindrical piece of wood of constant diameter used to align two members by being sunk into each. A cylindrical coak. Unlike treenails and pegs, dowels served an alignment function only, additional fastenings being necessary to prevent separation of the joint. Draft marks [Draught marks, Load lines]. Figures or lines cut into, or attached to, the stem and sternpost to indicate the depth at which each end of the hull is immersed.
Drawknife Fig. A knife with two handles mounted at right angles to the blade; drawknives are used for shaping and beveling. The difference between the diameters of a bored hole and the bolt that is driven into it. Drift bolt. A cylindrical bolt, headed on one end, that is slightly larger in diameter than the hole into which it is driven. Drop strake Fig.
A strake of planking that is discontinued near the bow or stern because of decreasing hull surface area. A central stealer. Brushwood, scrapwood, or other loose material laid in the hold to protect the cargo from water damage or prevent it from shifting, or to protect the ceiling from abrasion. Ekeing [Lengthening piece] Fig. A timber used to lengthen another timber, such as the extension of a deck hook or knee. Eye bolt Fig. A bolt with a circular opening at one end. A name sometimes given to the hawse holes or the areas around them; on ancient ships, ocular decorations at the same locations.
Fair curve [Fair line]. A shape or line whose curvature agrees with the mold loft or that is mechanically acceptable and seaworthy. False keel [Shoe] Figs. G-3 , G-4a , G-4b , and G A plank, timber, or timbers attached to the bottom of the keel to protect it in the event of grounding or hauling; on large ships, false keels were sometimes made quite thick in order to increase the size and strength of the keel.
In North America from the eighteenth century onward, and perhaps in other areas, false keels were called shoes. An outer timber fixed to the forward surface of the stem to strengthen or protect it, or to provide better symmetry to the cutwater.
Also, a name sometimes given to the apron in English documents. False sternpost. A member attached to the after surface of the sternpost to reinforce or protect it. Fashion piece [Fashion timber] Fig. A timber that framed the shape of the stern.
Figure piece Gd. A name sometimes given to the upper piece of the knee of the head, upon which the figurehead rested. Filling frame Fig. A frame composed of a single row of timbers, usually scarfed together, that filled the space between the main, or double-rowed, frames of a large ship. Filling piece [Filler] Fig.
A single timber or block used to fill out an area, such as the side of a gunport where it did not coincide with a frame, or in the spaces between frames to maintain rigidity. Fine lines. A descriptive term applied to a vessel with a sharp entrance and a narrow hull. An English term for the modern Norwegian word describing the fishtail-shaped mast partners on Viking vessels.
Fish plate Fig. A metal plate used to join two timbers externally. Flat scarf Fig. The union of two planks or timbers whose diagonal ends were nibbed cut off perpendicular to their lengths. When planking is scarfed vertically, the ends are not nibbed. Floor ribband [Floor ribbon].
The floor rising line; specifically, a ribband or batten fastened to the outside of the frames at the heads of the floor timbers; used for fairing and to determine the shapes and lengths of intermediate frames. Floor timber Fig. A frame timber that crossed the keel and spanned the bottom; the central piece of a compound frame. Flush deck. A deck running continuously from bow to stern, without breaks or raised elements.
Foot wale [Footwaleing] Fig. Thick longitudinal strakes of ceiling located at or near the floor head line or turn of the bilge. Some eighteenth-century English documents called the thick strakes next to the limber strake, or sometimes all of the ceiling, footwaleing , in which case the heavy strakes near the turn of the bilge were known as thick stuff.
Variously, a short, raised foredeck, the forward part of the upper deck between the foremast and the stem, or the quarters below the foredeck. A curved piece between the forward end of the keel and the knee of the head; the gripe. In some documents describing large ships, it is the name given to the rounded forward portion of the gripe, inserted as a separate piece. Forelock bolt Fig. An iron bolt with a head on one end and a narrow slot at the other; secured by placing a washer over its protruding end and driving a flat wedge, called a forelock , into the slot.
Forelock bolts were one of the most popular of shipbuilding fastenings, being commonly used to secure major timbers from Roman times until the nineteenth century.
Frame Fig. A transverse timber, or line or assembly of timbers, that described the body shape of a vessel and to which the planking and ceiling were fastened.
Frames were sometimes called timbers or, erroneously, ribs see Rib. Ancient ships often had frames composed of lines of unconnected timbers; later ships usually had compound frames composed of floor timbers , futtocks , and top timbers. Square frames were those set perpendicular to the keel; in the bow and stern there were cant frames , running obliquely to the keel.
Forward of the cant frames and fayed to them, in large round-bowed vessels, were the frames running parallel to the keel and stem, sometimes called knuckle timbers ; more accurately, these were the hawse pieces and knight heads , the latter being the frames adjacent to the apron or stem-son that extended above the deck to form bitts and support the bowsprit.
The aftermost frames were the fashion pieces , which shaped the stern. Frame details are illustrated in Figs. G-3 , G-5 , G , G , and G Futtock Fig. A frame timber other than a floor timber, half-frame, or top timber; one of the middle pieces of a frame. Futtock plank. In English shipbuilding, the first ceiling plank next to the limber strake. A seagoing vessel propelled primarily by oars, but usually one that also could be sailed when necessary. Gammoning hole [Gammoning slot] Fig.
An opening in the knee of the head through which the bowsprit gammoning lashing passed. Gammoning knee. Gammon piece Fig. The part of the knee of the head containing the gammoning hole. G-4 and G The strake of planking next to the keel; the lowest plank. Also, the lowest side strake of a flat-bottomed hull. Girdling [Girding]. The practice of adding timber to the sides of ships to increase their breadth and thereby improve stability.
The practice was most common on sixteenth- and seventeenth-century British vessels and was employed to overcome design flaws due to inability to calculate metacentric height. A latticework hatch cover used for light and ventilation. Also, a term applied to the latticework deck in the heads of large ships. Graving [Breaming]. The vessel was careened or drydocked to perform this task. Graving iron Fig. A hook-like tool used for removing old caulking.
Graving piece Fig. A wooden patch, or insert, let into a damaged or rotted plank. Gripe Fig. A curved piece joining the forward end of the keel to the lower end of the knee of the head. Generally, the same as forefoot. Gudgeon Fig. A metal bracket attached to the sternpost into which a rudder pintle was hung; the female part of a rudder hinge. Gundeck Fig. The deck where the guns were located; large ships had as many as three gundecks a three-decker , called the lower, middle, and upper gundecks.
Gunport framing. The sills , lintles , and filling pieces that shape and reinforce the gunports. Gunwale [Gunnel] Fig. In sixteenth-century vessels, the wale against which the guns rest. Half beam Figs. G-7c and G-7d. A beam extending from the side to a hatch or other obstruction. See also Beam arm. A frame whose heel began at or near one side of the keel or deadwood and spanned part or all of that side of the hull; half-frames normally were used in pairs.
Hanging knee Fig. A vertical angular timber used to reinforce the junction of a beam and the side. Harpins [Harpings].
The forward planks of wales that were strengthened by increased thickness near the stem; usually found on large, round-bowed vessels. Also, a term applied to specially shaped battens fitted to the cant frames or other areas of extreme curvature during construction; used to check and adjust frame bevels. Hatch [Hatchway] Fig. Hatch beam Fig. A removable beam that supported the hatch cover and provided lateral strength when the hatch was not in use. Hawse bolster. One of the heavy planks fixed around or below the hawse holes to protect the hull planking.
A cylindrical hole in the bow through which the anchor cable passed. Hawse piece [Hawse timber] Figs. A fore-and-aft framing timber whose heel was fayed to the forwardmost cant frame and which reinforced the bow of a large, round-bowed vessel; hawse pieces were so named because the hawse holes were partially cut through them. The tube through which the anchor cable passed between the hawse hole and windlass or capstan deck.
In a general sense, the forward part of a vessel; the extreme bow area; also, a name sometimes given to the figurehead or, on later vessels, to the latrine. See also Timber head. Head knee. Sometimes a designation for cheek knee cheek , but more frequently an alternate term for knee of the head. Head ledge Fig. An athwartships hatch coaming. Headrails Fig. Curved rails extending from the bow to the knee of the head. The junction of the keel and sternpost; also, an angular timber connecting the keel to the sternpost.
Separate heel timbers on cogs and cog-like vessels are most frequently called hooks. Heel knee [Stern knee]. An angular timber reinforcing the junction between the keel and the sternpost. Helm port [Rudder hole] Figs. Ga and Gc. The opening in the stern where the rudder stock entered the hull. Helm port transom Figs. The timber reinforcing the helm port. Hogging truss [Hogging frame]. A strong fore-and-aft framework built into a vessel to prevent hogging; hogging trusses were most commonly seen in canal boats and other long inland vessels.
In ancient vessels, it was a strong cable supported by forked posts and attached to the ends of the hull to serve the same purpose. Hold Fig. In a general sense, the interior of a hull. Hooding ends [Hoods, Hood ends]. The ends of planks that fit into the stem and sternpost rabbets; hooding ends were sometimes reduced in thickness to permit a better join with the posts.
A knee-like timber that connected the keel or central plank to the stem or sternpost. A northern European designation, it is used almost exclusively in reference to cogs and cog-like vessels. In later English documents, bow hooks were called gripes ; stern hooks were called heels.
Hook and butt Fig. A method of planking whereby one edge of the plank was straight while its opposite side had sloping edges locked by a hook. Infrequently, the term was also used to denote a hook scarf. Hook bolt Fig. A bolt with a hook-shaped head used for securing detachable lines, tackle, and other gear. Hook scarf Fig. The union of two planks or timbers whose angular ends are offset to lock the joint. Hook scarfs are sometimes locked with wedges, or keys.
Horning [To horn]. A process by which frames were aligned to assure that they were level and exactly perpendicular to the keel. See Horning pole for a description of the process. Horning pole [Horning board, Horning line]. A batten, pole, or line used to align frames; one end was mounted over the keel centerline, or atop the stem or sternpost, while the other end was marked and swung across each frame head to ensure that each side of the frame was equidistant from, and perpendicular to, the keel centerline.
G-3 and G-9l. A U-shaped iron plate fastened across the seam of the stem and forefoot to strengthen it. A cable or assembly of cables installed in ancient galleys to overcome hogging. Inner stempost. The inner timber or timbers of a double-layered stem; unlike an apron, an inner stempost ends at the keel-stem scarf.
Inner sternpost Fig. A vertical timber attached to the forward surface of the sternpost to increase its strength, and in some cases, to support the transoms. Intermediate timbers. Those individual timbers installed between the sequential frames for additional localized strength. They could span part of the bottom, turn of the bilge, or side. The term applies primarily to ancient ships and inshore craft, where they reinforced the areas around beams, mast steps, bilge sumps, etc. See Plate knee.
Jeer bitts Fig. Upright posts used for staying the various courses or halyards. Notches cut into the surface or edge of a timber, as in the exterior frame surfaces of clinker-built hulls or in the edges of some ancient Egyptian hull planks.
The main longitudinal timber of most hulls, upon which the frames, deadwoods, and ends of the hull were mounted; the backbone of the hull. Keel plank [Central plank, Kingplank]. A central hull plank that was substantially thicker than the rest of the bottom planking and whose breadth was at least twice as great as its thickness; a thick bottom plank used in lieu of a keel. Keelson [Kelson] Figs. G-3 , G-4a , and G-4b. An internal longitudinal timber or line of timbers, mounted atop the frames along the centerline of the keel, that provided additional longitudinal strength to the bottom of the hull; an internal keel.
Most commonly, a single keelson was installed that was no larger than the keel. On very large vessels, however, various combinations of as many as a dozen keelsons were assembled.
Where extra molding was required, one or more additional keelsons, called rider keelsons or false keelsons , were bolted to the top of the main keelson. They could be of identical size to, or smaller than, the main keelson. Auxiliary keelsons bolted alongside the main keelson were known as sister U.
However, care should be exercised in interpreting the various keelsons from contracts. For instance, some nineteenth-century American contracts for large schooners refer to the keelson above the main keelson as the sister, and the one above that as the assistant sister keelson.
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