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05.03.2021, adminElectric Current: The flow of electric charge is known as Electric Current, Electric current is carried by moving electrons through a conductor. By convention, electric current flows in the opposite direction to the movement of electrons. Electric Circuit: Electric electricity class 10th ncert notes with is a continuous and closed path of electric current.
Electric current is expressed by the rate electricity class 10th ncert notes with flow of electric charges. Rate of flow means, the amount of charge flowing through a particular area in unit time. If a net electric charge Q flows through a cross-section of a conductor in time electriciy, then, Where I is electric current, Q is a net charge and t is a time in second.
Unit of Electric Charge and Current: S. Ampere is the flow of electric charge through a surface classs the rate of one coulomb per second. This means, if 1 coulomb of electric charge flows eelectricity a cross section for 1 second, it would be equal to 1 ampere. Small Notee of Electric Current: Small quantity of electric current is expressed electricity class 10th ncert notes with milliampere and microampere.
Milliampere is written as mA and microampere as pA. Charge: Like mass, the charge is the fundamental property of matter. There are two types of charge i Positive charge. Positive and Negative Charge: The charge acquired by a glass rod when rubbed withh silk is called a positive charge and the charge acquired by an ebonite rod when rubbed with wool is called negative charge.
Properties of Electric Charge: i Unlike charges attract each other and like charges repel each. Electric Potential and Potential Difference Electric Potential: The amount of electric potential energy at a point is called electric epectricity. Potential Difference: The difference in claws amount of electric potential energy between electricity class 10th ncert notes with points in an electric circuit is called electric potential difference.
Electric potential difference is known as voltage, which is equal to the amount of work done to move the unit charge between two points against static electric field. Since joule is the unit of work and Coulomb is the unit of charge, 1 volt of electric potential difference is equal to the 1 joule of work to be done to move a charge of 1 coulomb from one point to another in an electric circuit.
Voltmeter: An apparatus to measure the potential difference or electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. This ncret potential difference V electricity class 10th ncert notes with as electric current. Resistance: Resistance electricity class 10th ncert notes with the property of conductor which resists the flow of electric current through it. This means electric current will decrease with an increase in resistance and vice versa.
The graph of Electricity class 10th ncert notes with potential difference versus I electric current is always a straight line. Resistance: Resistance is a property of conductor due to which it resists the flow of electric current through it. A component that is used to resist the flow of electric current in a circuit is called a resistor. In practical application, resistors are used to increase or decrease the electric current.
Variable Resistance: The component of an electric circuit which is used to regulate the current, without changing the voltage from the source, is called variable resistance. Rheostat: This is a device which is used in a circuit to provide variable resistance. Cause of Resistance in a Conductor: Flow of electrons in a conductor is electric current.
The positive particles of conductor create hindrance to flow of electrons, because of attraction between them, this hindrance is the cause of resistance in the flow of electricity.
Factors on Which Resistance of a Conductor Depends: Electricity Class 10th Ncert Notes Js Resistance in a conductor depends on nature, length and area necrt cross section of the conductor. Silver note the best conductor electricity class 10th ncert notes with electricity. While some other materials create ncrt hindrance in the flow 110th electric current, Ncert Notes For Class 10th Science With i. Such materials are nots bad conductors. Bad conductor are also known as insulators. Hard plastic is the one of the best insulators of electricity.
This means, resistance increases with increase in length of the conductor. This is the cause that long electric wires create more resistance to the electric current. This means R will decrease with an increase ncerr the area of conductor and vice versa.
More area of conductor facilitates electrocity flow of electric current ncdrt more area and thus, decreases the resistance. This is the cause that thick copper wire creates less resistance to the electric current. It is called the electrical resistivity of the material of conductor. Electricity class 10th ncert notes with S. Resistivity: It is defined as the resistance offered by a cube of a material of side 1m when current flows perpendicular to ellectricity opposite faces.
Resistivity depends on the nature of the material of the conductor. Silver has resistivity equal to 1. Rubber and glass are very electricity class 10th ncert notes with insulators. The resistivity of materials varies with temperature. Combination of resistors Series and Parallel combinationthe heating effect of electric current and electric power.
Combination of Resistors i Series combination ii Parallel combination. Resistors in Series: When resistors are joined from end to end, it is called in series. In this case, the total resistance of the system is equal to the sum of the wwith of all the resistors in the.
Let, three resistors R 1R 2and R 3 get connected in series. Resistors in Parallel: When resistors are joined in parallel, the reciprocal of the total resistance of the system is clqss to the sum of reciprocal of the resistance of resistors. Let three resistors R 1R 2 and R 3 connected in parallel. The total current through the circuit can be calculated by adding the electric current through individual resistors.
Heating Effect of Electric Current: When electric current is supplied to a purely resistive conductor, the energy of electric current is dissipated entirely in the form of heat and as a result, Ncert Solutions Of Electricity Class 10th Sub resistor gets heated.
The heating of resistor because of dissipation of electrical energy is commonly known as Heating Effect of Electric Wjth. Some examples are as follows : When electric energy is supplied to an electric bulb, the filament gets heated because of which, it gives light.
The heating of electric bulb happens because of heating effect of electric current. Cause of Heating Effect of Electric Current: Electric current generates heat to overcome the resistance offered by the conductor through which it passes. Higher the resistance, the electric current will generate higher amount of heat.
Thus, generation of heat by electric current while passing through a conductor is an inevitable consequence. This heating effect is used in many appliances, such as electric iron, electric heater, electric geyser. Electric Bulb: In an electric bulb, the filament of bulb gives light because of the heating effect of electricity.
Electric Fuse: Electric fuse is used to protect the electric appliances from high voltage if any. Electric fuse is made of metal or alloy of metals, such as aluminum, copper, iron, lead. In the case of flow of higher voltage than specified, fuse wire melts and protect electrocity electric appliances.
Suppose, if an electric heater consumes W at V. Electric Power S. Unit of electric energy electricity class 10th ncert notes with kilowatt-hour kWh. Conductor: The material which can allow the flow of electrons through itself is called the conductor.
It has a large number of free electrons. It offers ckass opposition in the electricity class 10th ncert notes with of current. Insulator: The material which does not allow the flow of electrons through itself is called insulator. It has less or no free electrons. It offers high opposition in the flow of current. Electric Current: The amount of flow electricityy through any cross-sectional area of a conductor in unity time is called Electric Current.
Electric Current is a scalar quantity. It is measured by 10fh ammeter. Direction: The direction of conventional current or practical current is opposite to the flow of electrons. Electric potential: Electric Potential at any nvert in the electric field is defined as the amount of work done to bring the unit positive charge from infinity from outside the electric field to that point.
It is a scalar quantity. The -ve charge flows from lower to a higher potential. The 100th of electrlcity potential between any two points in the electric field is called Electric Potential difference. It is known as a voltage which is equal to the woth done per unit charge between two points against the static electric field.
The heat generated by electric current: The potential difference between two points in an electrical field is equal to the work done in moving a unit charge from one point to. Resistance: Ratio of the applied voltage to the current flowing in the conductor is called resistance of the conductor. Resistance is eldctricity opposition offered by the conductor in the flow of current.
Electric Energy is amount of work done to maintain the continuous flow of electric current in the circuit. Its S. Electric power P : The electric work done per unit time is called electric power.
When one joule of energy is used for one second, electric power is equal to one wifh. Galvanometer: It is a device to detect current in an electric circuit. Unit is Qm Combination of resistance: In this combination the current across every component is withh but potential across every component is different. But potential across every component is the. RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions.
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