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We have enlisted all the chapters in each subject. Your performance in the foundation exams will play a role in determining your admission into higher classes all the way to a good college or even your dream college! If you have any query regarding this article or NCERT Sols for Class 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th, leave your comments in the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon as possible. NCERT is also known as the publishing body or publisher.
It is an autonomous organisation set up in by the Government of India, aiming to assist and advise the Central as well as the State Governments on policies and programmes for qualitative improvement in school education.
The function of NCERT is to conduct and support educational research and to offer training in educational research methodology. But then again, simply byhearting the NCERT books a few weeks before the exams is not going to help the students with anything. Once done with studying and practicing with the books, students should solve the sample papers as well as previous year question papers to get an idea of the question paper pattern. NCERT Exemplars are basically practice-books that contain additional questions of a higher level, apart from NCERT textbooks, and are meant for providing comprehensive and thorough learning.
A few, but major, goal of NCERT are as follows: To gear up, encourage and correlate research in areas connected with school education To put together and publish textbooks, supplementary material, newsletters, journals, digital materials, and other study materials.
To organise pre-service and in-service training of teachers along with developing and distributing innovative educational techniques and practices The function of NCERT is to conduct and support educational research and to offer training in educational research methodology. RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions. Watch Youtube Videos. When copper metal is heated in air, it forms a black colored compound copper oxide. So, the black colored compound is the copper oxide or copper II oxide, CuO. Question 17 Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
Solution: Rust is a soft and porous substance, which gradually falls from the surface of an iron object, and then the iron below starts rusting. Thus, rusting of iron or corrosion of iron is a continuous process which, if not prevented in time, eats up the whole iron object. So, when we apply paint on iron articles it reduces the rusting of iron. Question 18 Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen.
Solution: Packaging fat and oil containing foods in nitrogen gas can prevent rancidity. When the fat and oil present in food materials gets oxidised in air , their oxidation products have an unpleasant smell and taste.
When it is surrounded by unreactive gas, nitrogen, there is no oxygen of air to cause its oxidation and make it rancid. Question 19 Explain the following terms with one example each. Corrosion b. Rancidity Solution: a. Corrosion is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of air, moisture or a chemical on their surface.
Corrosion is caused mainly by the oxidation of metals by the oxygen of air. Example: Rusting of iron is the most common form of corrosion. This is called rusting of iron. The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fat and oil in food which is marked by an unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity. Example: Rancidity can be retarded by keeping food in a refrigerator.
The refrigerator has a low temperature inside it. When the food is kept in a refrigerator, the oxidation of fat and oil in it is slowed down due to low temperature.
So, the development of rancidity due to oxidation is retarded. Question 20 Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air? Solution: To remove the oxide layer and facilitates rapid burning. Question 21 Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions. Question 22 Write a balanced chemical equation and state symbols for the following reactions.
Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride b. Sodium hydroxide solution in water reacts with hydrochloric acid solution in water to produce sodium chloride solution and water. Question 24 Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped into it?
Solution: In this reaction, iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. The deep blue colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution of iron sulphate. A red-brown coating of copper metal is formed on the surface of the iron metal. This displacement reaction occurs because iron is more reactive than copper. Question 25 Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following reactions.
The addition of oxygen is Called oxidation. So the substance that is oxidized is sodium Na. In this reaction, copper oxide CuO gives the oxygen required for the oxidation of hydrogen; therefore, copper oxide is the oxidizing agent. Hydrogen is responsible for removing oxygen from copper oxide; therefore, hydrogen is the reducing agent here.
Question 1. When crystals of lead nitrate are heated strongly in a dry test tube a crystals immediately melt b a brown residue is left c white fumes appear in the test tube d a yellow residue is left Answer: b Pungent smelling, brown fumes are evolved due to NO 2 gas and brown coloured residue of lead oxide PbO is left.
Question 2. A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing acidified permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and finally disappears. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the observation? In acidic medium, KMnO 4 oxidises ferrous sulphate to ferric sulphate.
Question 3. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to granulated zinc taken in a test tube. The following observations are recorded. Point out the correct observation.
HCl to form zinc chloride and bubbles of colourless and odourless hydrogen gas is evolved. Question 4. When a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is a black b white c yellow d pink Answer: b When a Mg ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is of magnesium oxide which is white in colour. Question 5. Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL of water were taken. A small amount of NaOH, anhyd. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the solutions contained in beakers A and B whereas, in case of beaker C, the temperature of the solution falls.
In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred. In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred. In beaker C, the exothermic process has occurred. In beaker C, endothermic process has occurred. Question 6. Which of the following will be required to identify the gas evolved when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal?
HCl, zinc metal forms zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is evolved. Presence of hydrogen gas can be checked by a burning splinter because H 4 gas burnt Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 12 Online in a splinter with a pop sound. Question 7. And the colour of the solution fades away. This is an example of displacement reaction. Question 8. What happens when ferrous sulphate crystals are heated? Question 9. The colour of the precipitate formed when barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium sulphate solution is [CCE ] a blue b black c white d green Answer: c This is an example of a double displacement reaction and a white precipitate of barium sulphate is formed.
Question How the colour changes when the gases after thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate come in contact with an acidified solution of potassium dichromate? Answer: c The color changes from orange to green due to the formation of iron III sulphate.
The representation of chemical reaction by means of symbols of substances in the form of formulae is called chemical equation. Balanced Chemical Equation. A balanced chemical equation has equal number of atom of each element participating in the reaction on both left and right hand sides of the reaction.
According to Law of Conservation of Mass, total mass of the elements present in the products of a chemical reaction has to be equal to the total mass of the element present in the reactants. Rusting When iron reacts with oxygen and moisture it forms a red substance called rust.
Corrosion Metals on coming in contact with oxygen, water, acids or gases presents in air changes its surface. This is called corrosion for e.
Prevention � painting, galvanization, oiling, greasing. Rancidity Oil and fats on exposure to air show a change in taste and smell. This property is known as rancidity. Prevention � adding antioxidants, Vacuum packing, refrigeration, flushing food with nitrogen.
The transformation of chemical substance into a new chemical substance by making and breaking of bonds between different atom is known a chemical reaction. Combination Reaction When two elements or one compound and one element or two compounds combine to form a new product. Exothermic Reactions Reactions producing energy are called exothermic reactions. Most of the combination reactions are exothermic in nature. Oxidation Gain of oxygen or removal of hydrogen is called oxidation eg.
Reduction Gain of hydrogen or removal of oxygen is called reduction. Redox Reactions A chemical reaction in which both oxidation and reduction takes place simultaneously are called redox reactions. Decomposition Reaction When a compound-split into two or more simple products for example Decomposition reaction require energy either in the form of heat, light or electricity for decomposing the reactions. Endothermic Reactions Reactions which require energy to occur are known as endothermic reactions.
Displacement Reactions It takes place when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal. Double Displacement Reactions In this reactions ions are exchanged between two reactants and forming new compounds. Precipitation Reaction : In some reactions, an insoluble mass is formed which is known as precipitate and such reactions are called precipitation reaction.
Thorough knowledge and good practice will help you score full marks on the questions asked in this chapter. Y Life? Page Number: 13 Question 1 Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped in it? For example: While, in a combination reaction, two or more substances simply combine to form a new substance. For example: Question 12 Write one equation each for the decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity.
Answer: Question 15 What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? The reaction involved is Question 18 Why do we apply paint on iron articles? Lead oxide is getting reduced i a and b ii a and c iii a , b and c iv all Solution: i a and b Question 2 The above reaction is an example of a i. Displacement reaction Solution: iv Displacement reaction Question 3 What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Another example of decomposition reaction is the heating of calcium carbonate sea shells, chalk : Question 12 Write one equation each for decomposition reactions in which energy is supplied in the form of heat, light or electricity?
Solution: When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide: Question 13 What is Ncert Solutions For Class 10th History Chapter 3 Qu the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Solution: Question 15 What do you mean by a precipitation reaction?
Prevention � painting, galvanization, oiling, greasing Rancidity Oil and fats on exposure to air show a change in taste and smell. Prevention � adding antioxidants, Vacuum packing, refrigeration, flushing food with nitrogen Types Of Chemical Reactions The transformation of chemical substance into a new chemical substance by making and breaking of bonds between different atom is known a chemical reaction.
For example: Displacement Reactions It takes place when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal. Find out how to create a balanced chemical equation and learn about chemical reactions with CBSE Class 10 Chemistry learning resources.
NCERT Solution will help you write different chemical equation appropriately Helps you get thorough Ncert Solutions For Class 10th Science Chapter 13 File practice of solving questions of varied difficulty before facing the main examination. Our comprehensive set of study materials acts as a perfect guide when doing homework and preparing for the examination.
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